Diabetes mellitus, insulin treatment, diabetes duration, and risk of biliary tract cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma in a European cohort

Schlesinger, Sabrina; Aleksandrova, Krasimira; Pischon, Tobias; Jenab, Mazda; Fedirko, Veronika; Trépo, Elisabeth; Overvad, Kim; Roswall, Nina; Tjønneland, Anne; Boutron‐Ruault, Marie‐Christine; Fagherazzi, Guy; Racine, Antoine; Kaaks, Rudolf; Grote, Verena A.; Boeing, Heiner; Trichopoulou, Antonia; Pantzalis, Menelaos; Kritikou, Maria; Mattiello, Amalia; Sieri, Sabina; Sacerdote, Carlotta; Palli, Domenico; Tumino, Rosario; Peeters, Petra H.M.; Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas; Weiderpass, Elisabete; Quiŕos, J. Ramón; Zamora-Ros, Raúl; Sánchez, Maŕa José; Arriola, Larraitz; Ardanaz, Eva; Tormo, María José; Nilsson, Peter M.; Lindkvist, Björn; Sund, Malin; Rolandsson, Olov; Khaw, Kay Tee; Wareham, Nicholas J.; Travis, Ruth C.; Riboli, Elio; Nöthlings, Ute

doi:10.1093/annonc/mdt204

Cited by 119 publications

(104 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Similar findings were previously reported in the EPIC cohort and its French sub-cohort for the association between soft drinks and juices and diabetes risk; 350 mL increment of artificially sweetened soft drink had stronger effect on increased risk of developing diabetes than sugar-sweetened soft drink, while juice intake was not associated with diabetes [8,41]. Indeed, a recent study in mice reported an effect of non-caloric artificial sweeteners on intestinal microbiota composition leading to induction of glucose intolerance [42], but the findings require further confirmation in humans.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Consumption of soft drinks and juices and risk of liver and biliary tract cancers in a European cohort

et al. 2014

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using data from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort of 477,206 participants from 10 European countries. Methods After 11.4 years of follow-up, 191 HCC, 66 IHBC and 236 GBTC cases were identified. Hazard ratios and 95 % confidence intervals (HR; 95 % CI) were estimated with Cox regression models with multivariable adjustment (baseline total energy intake, alcohol consumption and intake pattern, body mass index, physical activity, AbstractPurpose The aim of the study was to assess associations between intake of combined soft drinks (sugar sweetened and artificially sweetened) and fruit and vegetable juices and the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), intrahepatic bile duct (IHBC) and biliary tract cancers (GBTC) Results No risk associations were observed for IHBC or GBTC. Combined soft drinks consumption of >6 servings/ week was positively associated with HCC risk: HR 1.83; 95 % CI 1.11-3.02, p trend = 0.01 versus non-consumers. In sub-group analyses available for 91 % of the cohort artificially sweetened soft drinks increased HCC risk by 6 % per 1 serving increment (HR 1.06, 95 % CI 1.03-1.09, n cases = 101); for sugar-sweetened soft drinks, this association was null (HR 1.00, 95 % CI 0.95-1.06; n cases = 127, p heterogeneity = 0.07). Juice consumption was not associated with HCC risk, except at very low intakes (<1 serving/week: HR 0.60; 95 % CI 0.38-0.95; p trend = 0.02 vs. non-consumers). Conclusions Daily intake of combined soft drinks is positively associated with HCC, but a differential association between sugar and artificially sweetened cannot be discounted. This study provides some insight into possible associations of HCC with sugary drinks intake. Further exploration in other settings is required.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Consumption of soft drinks and juices and risk of liver and biliary tract cancers in a European cohort

et al. 2014

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“…Furthermore, DM type 2 can lead to HCC caused by carcinogenic effects on the liver and other tissues from insulinlike growth factor1 (IGF1) due to hyperinsulinaemia and insulinresistance ( Figure 1) [15,16] . The risk for HCC was particularly higher in diabetic patients treated with insulin [17] . However, Yamamoto et al [18] , 2012, reported a case in which a dramatic regression of HCC was observed after four weeks of treatment with a dipeptidyl peptidase4 enzyme (DPP4) inhibitor in a patient with HCVrelated chronic hepatitis.…”

Section: Pathogenesis and Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Role of biomarkers in the prediction and diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma

Khattab

Fouad

Ahmed

2015

WJH

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The prevalence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has progressively increased in recent years and is now the fifth and the second most common cancer in the World and in Egypt, respectively. Much work has focused in the development of assays for detecting hepatic carcinogensis before the observance of hepatic focal lesions. Particular attention has been directed towards HCC-specific biomarkers for use in the early diagnosis of HCC and in the confirmation of radiological studies. Although a number of biomarkers have been identified, none have been considered reliable indicators of early HCC lesions. This review presents a few of the most relevant HCC biomarkers and suggests improvements to the accuracy of diagnostic assays through their combined use. Furthermore, we present an algorithm for the biomarker-based diagnosis of HCC and highlight its important role in the early prediction of HCC. Core tip: Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) has been widely used as a reference biomarker to validate the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, normal physiological-levels of AFP are observed in approximately one third of HCC cases. Furthermore, a number of HCC positive patients have AFP levels less than the threshold value of 400 ng/mL. These factors make an AFP-based diagnosis of HCC far from reliable. However, high diagnostic accuracy indices have been reported when AFP is combined with other biomarkers such as midkine, golgi protein 73, des-γ-carboxyprothrombin, glypican-3, and gamma-glutamyl transferase.Khattab M, Fouad M, Ahmed E. Role of biomarkers in the prediction and diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. World J Hepatol 2015; 7(23): 24742481 Available from:

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“…39 For example, the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition found obesity to account for approximately 16% of cases of HCC in Europe. 40 Similarly, based on data from a Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) analysis of the Medicare population, diabetes and or obesity to contribute to 36.6% of cases of HCC. 41 However, calculation of the PAF assumes that all cases of HCC that develop in patients with metabolic syndrome are etiologically related to this condition, which is unlikely to be true.…”

Section: Preventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatocellular Carcinoma From Epidemiology to Prevention: Translating Knowledge into Practice

Singal

El–Serag

2015

Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology

460

369

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Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the 3rd leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide and one of the leading causes of death in patients with cirrhosis.1]HCC incidence in the United States (US) has more than doubled over the past 2 decades and is anticipated to continue increasing over the next 20 y, due to the growing number of patients with advanced hepatitis C virus (HCV) and/or non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). At its current pace, HCC is projected to surpass breast and colorectal cancer to become the 3rd leading cause of cancer-related death in the US by 2030.2 Currently only 46% of HCC cases are diagnosed at an early stage and most do not receive curative therapy.2 Epidemiologic and clinical studies have identified many factors that affect risk for HCC and can be used to identify at-risk patients and implement prevention measures. Although several advances in HCC prevention, early detection, and diagnosis are efficacious and could reduce the incidence and mortality of HCC, widespread dissemination and successful implementation are essential for these strategies to be effective in clinical practice. Challenges include limited recognition of at-risk patients, availability of well-validated risk stratification measures, and surveillance in high-risk groups.

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Diabetes mellitus, insulin treatment, diabetes duration, and risk of biliary tract cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma in a European cohort

Cited by 119 publications

References 32 publications

Consumption of soft drinks and juices and risk of liver and biliary tract cancers in a European cohort

Consumption of soft drinks and juices and risk of liver and biliary tract cancers in a European cohort

Role of biomarkers in the prediction and diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma

Hepatocellular Carcinoma From Epidemiology to Prevention: Translating Knowledge into Practice

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