Diabetes Mellitus in the Negro Race: A Study of One Hundred Consecutive Cases

Bowcock, Harold

doi:10.1097/00007611-192812000-00003

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“…There is a tendency among Jews to obesity.’ 16 Harold Bowcock noted increased levels in African Americans, observing that many were domestic workers or food handlers who ‘may have presented opportunities for overeating, with the subsequent development of obesity’. 17 In 1924, the New York physician Haven Emerson, wrote an article entitled ‘Sweetness is Death’: 18…”

Section: History Of Diabesitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…16 Harold Bowcock noted increased levels in African Americans, observing that many were domestic workers or food handlers who 'may have presented opportunities for overeating, with the subsequent development of obesity' . 17 In 1924, the New York physician Haven Emerson, wrote an article entitled 'Sweetness is Death': 18 It is not money in the bank, nor being a Jew, nor a woman in the roaring forties that determines the excess of diabetes deaths … but it would appear quite clearly that when people who have the means to grow fat indulge in their privilege, they develop diabetes more commonly or at least die of it in larger numbers.…”

Section: History Of Diabesitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Weight control: key to managing ‘diabesity’

Haslam¹

2013

Diabetes & Vascular Disease

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IntroductionElliott Joslin said 'there is always something new going on in diabetes' . 1 A paper in JAMA in August 2012 2 revealed that people diagnosed with T2DM at lower BMI fare worse than overweight and obese individuals, judged by mortality. The knee-jerk reaction that obesity is somehow protective against diabetes is wrong. Those diagnosed at low BMI may conceivably be suffering a more sinister form of the condition, or from co-existent illnesses; may be diagnosed later in the course of disease because of their leanness or may have lost considerable quantities of weight because of previously undiagnosed diabetes, the delay having increased their risk. The JAMA paper, like ACCORD, VADT, UKPDS and many other studies suggests that different groups -here, the lean individual with diabetesshould be treated in subtly different ways. It does not change the fact that overweight and obesity are the main predisposing factors for T2DM. The Nurses' Health Study revealed that women with BMI 35 -common in daily clinics -have a 93.2 fold chance of suffering T2DM; the Health Professionals' Follow-up Study showed an equivalent figure for men of 42.1 fold. Stevens 3 showed that 90% of individuals who develop T2DM have BMI > 23.0 kg/m 2 ; more recent data have shown an even closer relationship. Individuals diagnosed under age 44 present at higher BMI (~39) than those diagnosed over 45 (~33): an inverse linear relationship existing between BMI and age at diagnosis. 4 The JAMA paper also doesn't change the fact that weight control is a key factor in managing 'diabesity' , AbstractA link between obesity and type 2 diabetes has been noted for millennia, and particularly in more recent centuries, with the global obesity epidemic drawing it to modern attention. The evidence associating obesity with deteriorating glycaemic control, the development of type 2 diabetes and negative influence on its pathogenesis is increasing, as is the focus on the co-existence of the conditions -namely 'diabesity'. The pharmacological therapies for type 2 diabetes which are weight neutral or facilitate weight loss are metformin, the more recently introduced agents which target the incretin system and dapagliflozin, the sodium-glucose transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor. These therapies are appropriate for the treatment of diabesity since they reduce hyperglycaemia and concomitantly address the underlying pathology of weight control.

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Section: History Of Diabesitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: History Of Diabesitymentioning

confidence: 99%