Diabetes mellitus- and cooling-induced bladder contraction: an in vitro study

Abstract

The effects of diabetes mellitus during cooling on ACh-and KCl-induced responses were investigated in rat urinary bladder. Diabetes was induced in the rats by 50 mg/kg streptozotocin via an intraperitoneal injection. Rats' body and bladder weights were measured. The isometric tension to ACh (10 -9 -3 × 10 -4 M) and KCl (5-100 mM) in strips of urinary detrusor muscle of diabetic and non-diabetic rats, in organ baths at 37 and 28ºC were recorded. The body weights were significantly decreased and the bladder weights increased in STZ-induced diabetic group compared to the non-diabetic group. ACh and KCl caused concentration-dependent contractions of urinary bladders from non-diabetic and STZ-induced diabetic rats. During cooling, the sensitivity and the maximal response were significantly higher than those during 37ºC, both in non-diabetic and diabetic preparations. Cooling of detrusor muscle preparations induces a graded contraction inversely proportional to the temperature in diabetic rats. It may be assumed that the cooling response involves the same mechanisms in the diabetic and non-diabetic animals.

Substantiation of the Results of Morphological Examination of the Urinary Bladder Wall in Experimental Diabetic Cystopathy

“…The same dynamics of the development of hyperglycemia is indicated by the authors who used Wistar rats in their studies [11,13]. Instead, in experiments using Sprague-Dawley rats, the glucose levels of 21-28 mmol/l in the blood of experimental rats were observed as early as on the 3 rd -14 th days of the experiment [19,28]. Although both lines of rats belong to the same species (Rattus norvegicus), Sprague-Dawley rats are more sensitive to diabetogenic factors.…”

Combined galanin with insulin improves insulin sensitivity of diabetic rat muscles

“…Each cage contained four rats. At the end of 8 weeks, rats were treated with 30 mg/kg streptozocin administered intraperitoneally (Atalik et al 2010). After another 4 weeks, rats with fasting blood glucose level over 11.1 mmol/l with the symptoms of diuresis, positive glycosuria, and weight loss were classified as T2DM models.…”

Intracerebroventricular administration of galanin antagonist sustains insulin resistance in adipocytes of type 2 diabetic trained rats

“…Eight weeks later, 80 of animals were treated with an i.p. of streptozotocin (STZ, 30 mg/kg) in 0.1 mM citrate buffer (pH 4.5) under a fasting state (Atalik et al, 2010). The tail blood of the rats was weekly taken to determine the blood glucose level with a Glucometer (HMD Biomedical, Taiwan) during the study.…”