Diabetes in South Asians

Misra, Anoop; Ramchandran, A.; Jayawardena, Ranil; Shrivastava, Usha; Snehalatha, C.

doi:10.1111/dme.12540

Cited by 97 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…However, true nationally representative data, which include urban and rural prevalence, are lacking from most of these countries, including India. South Asian populations also have a high prevalence of prediabetes and a more rapid progression to diabetes (13). This is highlighted by a recent study that reported a diabetes incidence of 22.2 per 1,000 person-years and that 59% of those with prediabetes converted to diabetes after a follow-up of 9.1 years (52).…”

Section: South Asiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies from other parts of India have also shown increases in diabetes prevalence (13,46). India is the largest country in the region and has more than 65.1 million people with diabetes, occupying the second position next to China in the IDF global list of top 10 countries for people with diabetes.…”

Section: South Asiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In recent decades, an increasing diabetes prevalence has been reported in rural areas in middle-income groups and among underprivileged people (13,51). Occurrence of T2DM at a young age is commonly observed among South Asians, with the picture further complicated by the presence of maturity-onset diabetes of the young or latent autoimmune diabetes of adulthood (13).…”

Section: South Asiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…China and most of the other countries in WPR have a high prevalence of IGT (3). This is true of many countries in Asia (13). However, many countries use only fasting plasma glucose (FPG) in epidemiological studies and therefore do not have data on IGT.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Diabetes in Asia and the Pacific: Implications for the Global Epidemic

et al. 2016

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The last three decades have witnessed an epidemic rise in the number of people with diabetes, especially type 2 diabetes, and particularly in developing countries, where more than 80% of the people with diabetes live. The rise of type 2 diabetes in South Asia is estimated to be more than 150% between 2000 and 2035. Although aging, urbanization, and associated lifestyle changes are the major determinants for the rapid increase, an adverse intrauterine environment and the resulting epigenetic changes could also contribute in many developing countries. The International Diabetes Federation estimated that there were 382 million people with diabetes in 2013, a number surpassing its earlier predictions. More than 60% of the people with diabetes live in Asia, with almost one-half in China and India combined. The Western Pacific, the world’s most populous region, has more than 138.2 million people with diabetes, and the number may rise to 201.8 million by 2035. The scenario poses huge social and economic problems to most nations in the region and could impede national and, indeed, global development. More action is required to understand the drivers of the epidemic to provide a rationale for prevention strategies to address the rising global public health “tsunami.” Unless drastic steps are taken through national prevention programs to curb the escalating trends in all of the countries, the social, economic, and health care challenges are likely to be insurmountable.

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Section: South Asiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: South Asiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: South Asiamentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Diabetes in Asia and the Pacific: Implications for the Global Epidemic

et al. 2016

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“…Our results demonstrated that 44.44% of those with more than 20 years of service were overweight; accordingly, this sector of society should be accorded pride of place in executive plans for reducing CVD risk factors (32). Also, reports that type 2 diabetes affects South Asians a decade earlier necessitates that due attention be paid to effective national diabetes control programs in each South Asian country (33).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lifestyle and the Most Important Risk Factors of Cardiovascular Disease in Physicians, Nurses, and Faculty Members

Nobahar

Razavi

2015

Middle East J Rehabil Health

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Background: Health and treatment groups have the chief responsibility for controlling the risk factors of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and encouraging appropriate lifestyle changes that affect the prevention of this disease. Objectives: We sought to assess the lifestyle of physicians, nurses, and faculty members and to determine the most important risk factors of CVD among them. Patients and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on the physicians, nurses, and faculty members of Semnan University of Medical Sciences. The risk factors of CVD under consideration included smoking; sporting habits; life-and work-related stress; consumption of fruit, vegetables, fish, meat, and fast food; body mass index; systolic and diastolic blood pressures; control of cholesterol, triglyceride, and blood sugar levels in the preceding two years; history of depression; and family history of CVD. Results: Totally, 108 subjects who filled in their questionnaires were included in the study. The study population, including 68.5% females, had a mean age of 36.30 ± 8.878 years. Smokers comprised 1.8% of the subjects. Exercise more than twice a week was reported by 19.4%. Correspondingly, severe and moderate life-related and work-related stress was reported by 61.1% and 63.9% of the subjects. Also, 17.6% and 51.9% of the respondents consumed vegetables and fruit, respectively, more than once a day; 5.6% had fish more than once a week; and 69.4% and 4.6% ate meat and fast food, respectively, more than twice a week. The mean body mass index was 24.67 ± 3.77, and 39.8% of the participants were overweight or fat. A history of CVD was reported in 0.9%, history of hypertension in 2.8%, history of diabetes in 1.9%, and history of depression in 6.5% of the subjects. High triglyceride levels were detected in 7.4%. Additionally, 45% and 53.7% had controlled their cholesterol and triglyceride levels and blood sugar, correspondingly, for the preceding 2 years. A history of CVD was reported in 20.4% of the study population. The emphasis on CVD risk-factor control was lower among the physicians than among the nurses and faculty members. Conclusions:The findings of the present study indicate the necessity of modifying lifestyle and controlling CVD risk factors to upgrade the programs of the national health system for reducing the incidence of this disease.

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Clinical presentation, management, in‐hospital and 90‐day outcomes of heart failure patients in Trivandrum, Kerala, India: the Trivandrum Heart Failure Registry

Harikrishnan

Ganapathi

Thajudeen

et al. 2015

European J of Heart Fail

127

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Objective To evaluate the presentation, management, and outcomes of patients hospitalized for heart failure (HF) in Trivandrum, India. Methods The Trivandrum Heart Failure Registry (THFR) enrolled consecutive admissions from 13 urban and five rural hospitals in Trivandrum with a primary diagnosis of HF from January to December 2013. Clinical characteristics at presentation, treatment, in‐hospital outcomes, and 90‐day mortality data were collected. ‘Guideline‐based’ medical treatment was defined as the combination of beta‐blockers, angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers, and aldosterone receptor blockers in patients with left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVSD). Results We enrolled 1205 cases (834 men, 69%) into the registry. Mean (standard deviation) age was 61.2 (13.7) years. The most common HF aetiology was ischaemic heart disease (IHD) (72%). Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (≥45%) constituted 26% of the population. The median hospital stay was 6 days (interquartile range = 4–9 days) with an in‐hospital mortality rate of 8.5% (95% confidence interval 6.9–10.0). The 90‐day all‐cause mortality rate was 2.43 deaths per 1000 person‐days (95% confidence interval 2.11–2.78). Guideline‐based medical treatment was given to 19% and 25% of patients with LVSD during hospital admission and at discharge, respectively. Older age, lower education, poor ejection fraction, higher serum creatinine, New York Heart Association functional class IV, and suboptimal medical treatment were associated with higher risk of 90‐day mortality. Conclusion Patients hospitalized with HF in the THFR were younger, more likely to be men, had a higher prevalence of IHD, reported longer length of hospital stay, and higher mortality compared with published data from other registries. We also identified key areas for improving hospital‐based HF medical care in Trivandrum.

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Diabetes in South Asians

Cited by 97 publications

References 43 publications

Diabetes in Asia and the Pacific: Implications for the Global Epidemic

Diabetes in Asia and the Pacific: Implications for the Global Epidemic

Lifestyle and the Most Important Risk Factors of Cardiovascular Disease in Physicians, Nurses, and Faculty Members

Clinical presentation, management, in‐hospital and 90‐day outcomes of heart failure patients in Trivandrum, Kerala, India: the Trivandrum Heart Failure Registry

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