Diabetes in prison: can good diabetic care be achieved?

MacFarlane, I A; Gill, Geoffrey; Masson, E. A.; Tucker, Natalie

doi:10.1136/bmj.304.6820.152

Cited by 24 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Five studies report a decrease in BMI or weight in relation to incarceration: one Japanese study 44 * found a change in BMI of −1.0 kg/m 2 over 12–14 months of incarceration, two found trends towards decreased weight 25 of −1.86 kg and BMI 43 of −0.1 kg/m 2 that did not meet statistical significance, and two reported ‘little change’ 42 or ‘no significant change in BMI’ 47 without providing quantitative data.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of incarceration on cardiovascular disease risk factors: a systematic review and meta-regression on weight and BMI change

et al. 2020

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ObjectiveCardiovascular disease is an underappreciated issue in prison medicine. Recent studies have revealed a higher prevalence of cardiovascular disease risk factors (CVDRFs) among individuals in prison, but the impact of incarceration on CVDRFs over time is not well understood. This review aimed to assess available literature and quantify the relationship between incarceration and trends in major CVDRFs in high-income countries.DesignSystematic review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement. Meta-regression on weight change and obesity.Data sourcesMedline, Embase, PubMed, Cochrane Central Wiley and Web of Science.Eligibility criteria for selecting studiesLongitudinal studies reporting on the incidence of, or trends in any CVDRF among current or former people in prison over time, in high-income countries.Data extraction and synthesisTwo authors independently screened articles for eligibility, extracted data and assessed quality using an adapted version of the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Trends in CVDRFs during and following incarceration were summarised and in those with sufficient data a meta-regression was performed.ResultsTwenty-six articles were identified. CVDRFs assessed included obesity, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidaemia, tobacco use, physical inactivity and unhealthy diet. A meta-regression on change in weight during incarceration found a mean increase of 5.3 kg (95% CI 0.5 to 10.1) and change in body mass index of 1.8 kg/m2 (95% CI −0.9 to 4.6) at 2 years. Weight gain appeared most pronounced right after entering prison and then plateaued at 2 years. Concerning hypertension, the results were inconclusive, despite a trend towards rising blood pressure or prevalence of hypertension during incarceration, and an increased incidence of hypertension following incarceration. Results are contradictory or inconclusive for the other CVDRFs reviewed.ConclusionPossible explanations for the association between incarceration and weight include a sedentary lifestyle, unhealthy diet, forced smoking cessation, psychotropic medication use and high levels of stress. Incarceration may be an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of incarceration on cardiovascular disease risk factors: a systematic review and meta-regression on weight and BMI change

et al. 2020

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“…However, a survey on the quality of diabetes care across UK prisons has identified some examples of good diabetes practices that include availability of diabetes protocol therapies and gathering of support groups . Good diabetes control can be achieved in prisons due to a rigid dietary regimen, compliance with therapy and lack of alcohol consumption …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

And the best treatment for diabetes poor compliance is…

Yafi¹

2016

Pract Diab

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“…Many appointments were missed because the patient was unable to be contacted. A number of the IVDA‐DM patients spent long periods in prison during the study, which also made them unavailable for clinic attendance [12,13] and several also had admissions to other hospitals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intravenous drug abuse and Type 1 diabetes: financial and healthcare implications

Saunders¹,

Democratis²,

Martin³

et al. 2004

Diabetic Medicine

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Diabetes in prison: can good diabetic care be achieved?

Abstract: ideal diabetic care by medical personnel trained in Objective-To investigate the clinical characterdiabetes during long prison sentences. istics and metabolic control of diabetic patients In 1989 one of us (IAM), a consultant physician given structured diabetic care in prison.

Cited by 24 publications

References 6 publications

Impact of incarceration on cardiovascular disease risk factors: a systematic review and meta-regression on weight and BMI change

Impact of incarceration on cardiovascular disease risk factors: a systematic review and meta-regression on weight and BMI change

And the best treatment for diabetes poor compliance is…

Intravenous drug abuse and Type 1 diabetes: financial and healthcare implications

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