Diabetes in Pregnancy

Dornhorst, Anne

doi:10.1002/9781444324808.ch53

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 388 publications

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“…Women with diabetes are at greater risk of pre-eclampsia compared with the general population. Other risk factors include hypertension, women with microalbuminuria (ACR 3.5–30 mg/mmol), protein excretion >2 g/day or serum creatinine >120 μmol/l pre-pregnancy, and obesity 4. These at-risk women should have close obstetric follow-up with regular blood pressure monitoring and should be aware of warning symptoms of headaches, visual disturbances, and right upper quadrant/epigastric pain.…”

Section: Antenatal Carementioning

confidence: 99%

Diabetes in pregnancy: health risks and management

Ali

Dornhorst

2011

Postgraduate Medical Journal

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Diabetes in pregnancy is increasing and therefore it is important to raise awareness of the associated health risks to the mother, the growing fetus, and the future child. Perinatal mortality and morbidity is increased in diabetic pregnancies through increased stillbirths and congenital malformation rates. These are mainly the result of early fetal exposure to maternal hyperglycaemia. In the mother, pregnancy may lead to worsening or development of diabetic complications such as retinopathy, nephropathy, and hypoglycaemia. This review defines pregestational and gestational diabetes and the associated health risks to the growing fetus and mother. Management is discussed, focusing on clinical evidence based guidelines published by the American Diabetic Association and the UK National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence on the management of pregnant women with pre-existing diabetes.

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Section: Antenatal Carementioning

confidence: 99%

Diabetes in pregnancy: health risks and management

Ali

Dornhorst

2011

Postgraduate Medical Journal

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“…It is widely reported that all types of maternal diabetes are associated with pregnancy complications; although, adverse outcomes are more common in women with pregestational diabetes [ 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 ]. As adverse pregnancy outcomes are closely related to poor glycaemic control and the first trimester being a critical period for organogenesis, it is speculated that preconception hyperglycaemia and the longer time of exposure to hyperglycaemia in utero may contribute to the complications associated with pregestational diabetes [ 19 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Review to Compare Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in Women with Pregestational Diabetes and Gestational Diabetes

Malaza

Masete

Adam

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Pregestational type 1 (T1DM) and type 2 (T2DM) diabetes mellitus and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are associated with increased rates of adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. Adverse outcomes are more common in women with pregestational diabetes compared to GDM; although, conflicting results have been reported. This systematic review aims to summarise and synthesise studies that have compared adverse pregnancy outcomes in pregnancies complicated by pregestational diabetes and GDM. Three databases, Pubmed, EBSCOhost and Scopus were searched to identify studies that compared adverse outcomes in pregnancies complicated by pregestational T1DM and T2DM, and GDM. A total of 20 studies met the inclusion criteria and are included in this systematic review. Thirteen pregnancy outcomes including caesarean section, preterm birth, congenital anomalies, pre-eclampsia, neonatal hypoglycaemia, macrosomia, neonatal intensive care unit admission, stillbirth, Apgar score, large for gestational age, induction of labour, respiratory distress syndrome and miscarriages were compared. Findings from this review confirm that pregestational diabetes is associated with more frequent pregnancy complications than GDM. Taken together, this review highlights the risks posed by all types of maternal diabetes and the need to improve care and educate women on the importance of maintaining optimal glycaemic control to mitigate these risks.

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“…MiRNA profiling in pregnancies complicated by diabetes may aid in elucidating the pathophysiological mechanisms that underlie T1DM, T2DM, and GDM (21)(22)(23)84). This review provides an update on the status of miRNA profiling in pregnancies complicated by maternal diabetes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Big Role for microRNAs in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

et al. 2022

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Maternal diabetes is associated with pregnancy complications and poses a serious health risk to both mother and child. Growing evidence suggests that pregnancy complications are more frequent and severe in pregnant women with pregestational type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) compared to women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Elucidating the pathophysiological mechanisms that underlie the different types of maternal diabetes may lead to targeted strategies to prevent or reduce pregnancy complications. In recent years, microRNAs (miRNAs), one of the most common epigenetic mechanisms, have emerged as key players in the pathophysiology of pregnancy-related disorders including diabetes. This review aims to provide an update on the status of miRNA profiling in pregnancies complicated by maternal diabetes. Four databases, Pubmed, Web of Science, EBSCOhost, and Scopus were searched to identify studies that profiled miRNAs during maternal diabetes. A total of 1800 articles were identified, of which 53 are included in this review. All studies profiled miRNAs during GDM, with no studies on miRNA profiling during pregestational T1DM and T2DM identified. Studies on GDM were mainly focused on the potential of miRNAs to serve as predictive or diagnostic biomarkers. This review highlights the lack of miRNA profiling in pregnancies complicated by T1DM and T2DM and identifies the need for miRNA profiling in all types of maternal diabetes. Such studies could contribute to our understanding of the mechanisms that link maternal diabetes type with pregnancy complications.

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Diabetes in Pregnancy

Cited by 6 publications

References 388 publications

Diabetes in pregnancy: health risks and management

Diabetes in pregnancy: health risks and management

A Systematic Review to Compare Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in Women with Pregestational Diabetes and Gestational Diabetes

A Big Role for microRNAs in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

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