Diabetes, Diet-Health Behavior, and Obesity

Abstract

High-quality diets play an important role in diabetes prevention. Appropriate dietary adherence can improve insulin sensitivity and glycemic control, and thus contribute to lifestyle improvement. However, previous research suggests that dietary adherence is arguably among the most difficult cornerstones of diabetes management. The objectives of this study are (1) to estimate whether and to what extent individuals diagnosed with diabetes show significant differences in diet quality [healthy eating index (HEI)] compared to healthy individuals, (2) to quantify whether and to what extent diabetics experience significantly higher outcomes of body mass index (BMI), and (3) to estimate whether and to what extent dietary supplementation impacts diabetes patient’s diet quality and/or BMI outcomes. We use data from the 2007–2008 U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). The NHANES is the primary, randomized, and nationally representative survey used to assess the health and nutritional status in the U.S. We apply propensity score matching (PSM) to account for selection bias and endogeneity between self-reported diet and health behavir (treatment) and BMI outcomes. We control for an individual’s BMI as to capture the impact of past dietary behavior in its impact on HEI. Matching results suggest that regular dietary supplement consumption is associated with significant lower BMI outcomes of almost 1 kg/m2. The close relationship between diabetes and obesity has been at the center of the diet-health policy debate across Canada and the U.S. Knowledge about this linkage may help to improve the understanding of the factors that impact dietary choices and their overall health outcomes, which may lead to a more efficient and effective promotion of dietary guidelines, healthy food choices, and targeted consumer health and lifestyle policies.

Burden and determinants of multimorbidity among women in reproductive age group: a cross-sectional study based in India

“…These studies suggest that a diet rich in salt, sugar, and trans-fats often accelerates metabolic risk and adiposity, which further results in the occurrence of one or more chronic conditions ( Kehoe et al , 2014 ; Shridhar et al , 2015 ). A recent study proposes maintaining dietary adherence to control diabetes among individuals residing in the United States of America, similar recommendations can be given to manage multimorbidity among women of reproductive age in India ( Anders & Schroeter, 2015 ).…”

A combination of herbal compound (SPTC) along with exercise or metformin more efficiently alleviated diabetic complications through down-regulation of stress oxidative pathway upon activating Nrf2-Keap1 axis in AGE rich diet-induced type 2 diabetic mice

“…One of the most complex prevalent disorders all over the world is Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) that is rapidly growing globally. T2DM has been connected with unhealthy dietary habits, including high carbohydrate and advanced glycation end products (AGE) rich meals and sedimentary life-style, and obesity in recent years [1][2][3]. Heterogeneous pathomolecular cause of diabetes is associated with modulation in several signaling pathways, in which most important of them is stress oxidative.…”

The Effects of Different High-Protein Low-Carbohydrates Proprietary Foods on Blood Sugar in Healthy Subjects

“…44 These compounds could be useful in the prevention of overweightness and obesity in populations which are less sensitive to sweetness, predisposing them to consume more sugar in order to have the same 'taste sensation' as people more sensitive to sweetness. 71 Nowadays low-calorie sweeteners are important tools in DM management, where the dietary adherence is amongst the most difficult cornerstones 72 , especially for children and adolescents with T2DM who suffer from the perceived lack of normality in their diet and consequenlty desire non-recommended sweet foods. 73 Ready-to-consume proprietary foods, high in good quality proteins and fibers, could improve both, the diet of young people, and the diet of T2DM patients.…”