Diabetes as a Risk Factor for Breast Cancer

Eketunde, Adenike O

doi:10.7759/cureus.8010

Cited by 27 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…8,9 These findings suggest that interventions may be needed to improve mammography screening among women with diabetes, who are at elevated risk for breast cancer. 6,7 The results also indicate that patient race/ethnicity were associated with mammogram completion rates. Healthy People 2020 data suggest that Black women are less likely to undergo cancer mammography screening compared with White women; however, our study did not observe this disparity in screening.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

“…Studies have found that individuals with diabetes have a 20% greater risk of developing breast cancer. 6,7 One of the major reasons behind this is due to the fact that patients with chronic illnesses, such as diabetes, are less likely to engage in routine mammogram screenings. 8 It may be that managing a complex, chronic illness such as diabetes takes time and resources, which may interfere with preventive care.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From a pathologic perspective, patients with diabetes have a decreased level of estrogen, which is caused by insulin resistance, leading to a slightly increased risk of developing breast cancer. 6 Many of the prior studies examining breast cancer screening among women with diabetes are more than a decade old, suffer from small sample sizes, or were conducted outside of the United States, limiting generalizability. 8,9 Larger and more recent studies are needed to examine whether screening disparities exist for women with diabetes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mammogram Order Completion Rates Among Women with Diabetes

Patel¹,

Malak²,

Swanson³

et al. 2022

J Am Board Fam Med

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Introduction: Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of death among women residing in the United States. Early detection through mammogram screening can decrease the morbidity and mortality associated with the disease. For women with diabetes, however, incidence and mortality rates of breast cancer are increased.Methods: This was a retrospective examination, identifying orders and completion of mammogram among patients with and without diabetes, 2015 to 2019, through the electronic health record. Diabetes and other factors were identified as possible predictors of completion.Results: Of the 16,688 patients who were included in this study, only 54.5% successfully completed mammography orders prescribed by their primary care physician. The 40 to 49 age group had the highest order completion rate at 57.6%. The prevalence of diabetes in this sample was 21.3%. Overall, 51.6% of patients with diabetes completed mammogram orders compared with 55.3% of patients without diabetes.Discussion: Patients with diabetes were significantly less likely to complete mammogram screenings (51.6%) compared with patients without diabetes (55.3%), despite there being an increased incidence of breast cancer among patients with diabetes. Factors such as the lack of access to treatment centers, affordability, patient education, among others may have contributed to low completion rates. ( J Am Board Fam Med 2022;35:158-162.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mammogram Order Completion Rates Among Women with Diabetes

Patel¹,

Malak²,

Swanson³

et al. 2022

J Am Board Fam Med

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“…Together, our results provide a novel approach to target CSC populations using nootkatone to increase the effectiveness of breast cancer treatments. Moreover, there was a positive correlation between type 2 diabetes mellitus and breast cancer, as there was 15% of diabetes mellitus women patients could subsequently develop advanced stage of breast cancer [ 53 ]. Interestingly, Guo et al revealed that nootkatone could inhibit the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus, as evidenced by the suppression of the α-glucosidase activity after nootkatone treatment in vitro [ 54 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impairment of Glucose Metabolism and Suppression of Stemness in MCF-7/SC Human Breast Cancer Stem Cells by Nootkatone

Nguyen

Truong

et al. 2022

Pharmaceutics

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Targeting cancer stem cell metabolism has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment. Breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) exert distinct metabolism machinery, which plays a major role in radiation and multidrug resistance. Therefore, exploring the mechanisms involved in energy utilization of BCSCs could improve the effectiveness of therapeutic strategies aimed at their elimination. This study was conducted to clarify the glucose metabolism machinery and the function of nootkatone, a bioactive component of grapefruit, in regulating glucose metabolism and stemness characteristics in human breast carcinoma MCF-7 stem cells (MCF-7SCs). In vivo experiments, transcriptomic analysis, seahorse XF analysis, MTT assay, Western blotting, mammosphere formation, wound healing, invasion assay, flow cytometric analysis, reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and in silico docking experiments were performed. MCF-7SCs showed a greater tumorigenic capacity and distinct gene profile with enrichment of the genes involved in stemness and glycolysis signaling pathways compared to parental MCF-7 cells, indicating that MCF-7SCs use glycolysis rather than oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) for their energy supply. Nootkatone impaired glucose metabolism through AMPK activation and reduced the stemness characteristics of MCF-7SCs. In silico docking analysis demonstrated that nootkatone efficiently bound to the active site of AMPK. Therefore, this study indicates that regulation of glucose metabolism through AMPK activation could be an attractive target for BCSCs.

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“…One further mechanism through which dairy products may help prevent breast cancer is through the modulation of insulin resistance. In fact, high consumption of skimmed dairy has been associated with a lower risk of altered glucose metabolism [ 54 , 55 ], as well as activation of the IGF-1 signaling among others [ 56 ]. Higher insulin resistance and IGF-1 concentrations have, in turn, also been linked to a higher risk of breast cancer [ 57 , 58 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dairy Consumption and Incidence of Breast Cancer in the ‘Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra’ (SUN) Project

et al. 2021

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Dairy products might influence breast cancer (BC) risk. However, evidence is inconsistent. We sought to examine the association between dairy product consumption—and their subtypes—and incident BC in a Mediterranean cohort. The SUN (“Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra”) Project is a Spanish dynamic ongoing cohort of university graduates. Dairy product consumption was estimated through a previously validated 136-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Incident BC was reported in biennial follow-up questionnaires and confirmed with revision of medical records and consultation of the National Death Index. Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated with Cox regression models. Among 123,297 women-years of follow-up (10,930 women, median follow-up 12.1 years), we confirmed 119 incident BC cases. We found a nonlinear association between total dairy product consumption and BC incidence (pnonlinear = 0.048) and a significant inverse association for women with moderate total dairy product consumption (HRQ2vs.Q1 = 0.49 (95% CI 0.28–0.84); HRQ3vs.Q1 = 0.49 (95% CI 0.29–0.84) ptrend = 0.623) and with moderate low-fat dairy product consumption (HRQ2vs.Q1 = 0.58 (95% CI 0.35–0.97); HRQ3vs.Q1 = 0.55 (95% CI 0.32–0.92), ptrend = 0.136). In stratified analyses, we found a significant inverse association between intermediate low-fat dairy product consumption and premenopausal BC and between medium total dairy product consumption and postmenopausal BC. Thus, dairy products, especially low-fat dairy products, may be considered within overall prudent dietary patterns.

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Diabetes as a Risk Factor for Breast Cancer

Cited by 27 publications

References 20 publications

Mammogram Order Completion Rates Among Women with Diabetes

Mammogram Order Completion Rates Among Women with Diabetes

Impairment of Glucose Metabolism and Suppression of Stemness in MCF-7/SC Human Breast Cancer Stem Cells by Nootkatone

Dairy Consumption and Incidence of Breast Cancer in the ‘Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra’ (SUN) Project

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