Diabetes and urbanization in the Omani population: an analysis of national survey data

Al-Moosa, Siba; Allin, Sara; Jemiai, Nadia; Al-Lawati, Jawad; Mossialos, Elías

doi:10.1186/1478-7954-4-5

Cited by 87 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 19 publications

(14 reference statements)

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“…Interestingly, this prevalence is considerably lower than that for other ethnicities (48% in Sunni Arabs and 31% in Jafari Arabs) but is nevertheless much higher than what was observed in our study (9). The overall prevalence of diabetes in Oman, another neighboring country, was reported as 11.6% in 2000 (10). That study also noted much higher diabetes prevalence in the urban population (17.7%) compared with the rural population (10.5%).…”

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confidence: 34%

Prevalence of Diabetes and Impaired Fasting Glucose in the Adult Population of Iran

et al. 2008

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OBJECTIVE -Despite concerns regarding a diabetes epidemic in the Middle East, internationally published data on national estimates of prevalent type 2 diabetes in Iran do not exist. With this article, we document a dramatically high prevalence of diabetes in Iran. RESULTS -We found that 7.7% of adults aged 25-64 years, or 2 million adults, have diabetes, among whom one-half are undiagnosed. An additional 16.8%, or 4.4 million, of Iranian adults have impaired fasting glucose. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSCONCLUSIONS -The high prevalence of diabetes in working-age adults is an ominous sign for this developing nation. As the relatively young Iranian population ages in the future and urbanization continues or accelerates, the prevalence of diabetes will likely escalate. Diabetes Care 31:96-98, 2008T he Middle East is expected to bear one of the world's greatest increases in the absolute burden of diabetes in the coming decades. Most of this increase is anticipated to affect the economically productive 45-to 64-year-old age segment in contrast with most developed countries, where the increase in diabetic patients will occur in those aged Ն65 years (1). Although national estimates of the diabetes burden in Iran do not exist, the most recent study reported a high prevalence of diabetes in the highly urbanized population of Tehran, Iran's capital. (2) Here, we report the diabetesrelated results of the national Survey of Risk Factors of Non-Communicable Diseases (SURFNCD) of Iran. As a population-based sample of over 89,000 Iranians, this study provides an opportunity to estimate the national prevalence and burden of impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and diabetes. As such, it provides a valuable basis for public health planning.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS -The first Iran SUR-FNCD, a nationally representative crosssectional health survey, was conducted in January and February 2005 using guidelines of the stepwise approach to noncommunicable disease risk factor surveillance of the World Health Organization (3,4). In brief, a multistage probability cluster sampling scheme was used to randomly sample 89,400 adults aged 15-64 years from the urban and rural noninstitutionalized population of all 28 provinces of Iran.Participants were interviewed and examined to determine demographic characteristics and medical conditions, including history of diabetes. Participants who reported a history of physician-or health care professional-diagnosed diabetes were classified to have known diabetes. Subsequently, all participants aged 25-64 years (70,981 individuals) were asked to attend a health facility or laboratory for collection of blood samples following a 12-h fast. The departments of laboratory and medical diagnoses of each corresponding medical university in the provinces selected the laboratories based on standard instructions. The laboratories measured fasting plasma glucose (FPG) with coefficients of variation Ͻ3%. Of the 89,440 respondents, 18,459 individuals were aged Ͻ25 years, and of the remaining 70,981 individuals, 53,508 (75.4...

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confidence: 34%

Prevalence of Diabetes and Impaired Fasting Glucose in the Adult Population of Iran

et al. 2008

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“…A number of recent studies have focused on the associations between urbanization levels and incidences of disease, such as diabetes, breast cancer, allergic diseases, and asthma, with the results showing that urbanization had significant impacts on the prevalence rates of various diseases. [27][28][29][30] We believe, however, that this nationwide population-based study represents the first of its kind to attempt to examine the association between the level of urbanization and the prevalence of strokes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Urbanization and Stroke Prevalence in Taiwan: Analysis of a Nationwide Survey

Lin

Lin²,

Liu³

et al. 2007

J Urban Health

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This study aims to explore the prevalence of strokes among individuals and the association with urbanization levels. A total sample of 9,794 individuals was obtained from a nationwide survey on Taiwan for subsequent analysis in this study. After adjusting for gender, age, other risk factors for stroke and individual socioeconomic status, a multivariate logistic regression model was employed to investigate the relationships existing between the prevalence of strokes and the level of urbanization. This study finds that those living in areas at the highest level of urbanization (level 1) had the highest prevalence of strokes (2.49%). With decreasing urbanization level, there was a general decline in stroke prevalence. After adjusting for other factors, the multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that compared to participants living in the highest urbanization level, the respective odds ratios of suffering a stroke for those living in areas at the lowest levels of urbanization (levels 7 and 8), were 0.43 and 0.30. We conclude that after adjusting for other stroke risk factors, the level of urbanization is an important contributory factor to the overall prevalence of strokes in Taiwan.

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“…A 4-kg weight loss significantly reduces the risk of glycaemic decline early in the course of diabetes [25]. Hypertensives (60%) and obesity (26.4%) among adults with T2DM led to poorly controlled HbA1C (67%) [30,31,11]. Those with poor glycemic control are more likely to have hypertension than those well-controlled [25].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…More than 14% of Oman populations with T2DM had diabetic retinopathy, 27% had microalbuminuria and 50% had amputations in Oman compared to 11.6% of Saudis and 6.7% of Indians with retinopathy [8,9]. Among 7442 Type 1 DM and T2DM patients, only 22.8% had good glycemic control influenced by control of blood pressure, blood glucose and body mass index, while 77.2% did not have a good glycemic control [10,11]. Among 5000 adults with DM, it was found that smoking, insulin and waist-hip ratio influenced the control of HbA1C [12,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants of Glycosylated Haemaglobin among Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

D’Souza¹

2013

J Diabetes Metab

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Purpose: The purpose of this study is to assess the determinants of demographic and clinical factors associated with HbA1C levels among adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Muscat. Glycosylated Hemoglobin (HbA1C) is used as marker for long term blood glucose control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods:A cross-sectional design was used. Simple random sampling was used to select 300 adults with T2DM in Oman in 2011. Ethical approval and hospital permission was completed from the Institutional Research and Ethics Committee. Informed consent was obtained from the participants. Chi-square and multiple logistic regression models with demographic and clinical characteristics as predictors of glycemic control (HbA1C) were used to analyze the results. Results: Nearly half percentage of the adults with T2DM had better or controlled HbA1C (<7%) while the rest had poor or uncontrolled HbA1C (>7%). Younger ages, females, higher education, non-tobacco users, short duration of diabetes, compliance with OHA and high waist-hip ratio predicted better control of HbA1C. Conclusions:Socio-demographic and clinical factors were consistently associated with glycemic control. Gender, education, perception of prevention of ADL, doctor-patient relationship, compliance with medications, and non-tobacco users were significant predictors of better glycemic controls among adults with T2DM. Relevance to clinical practice. Assessment of determinants of HbA1C may assist in determining individualized goals and strategies, subsequently improve glycemic control and enhance self-care management.

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Diabetes and urbanization in the Omani population: an analysis of national survey data

Cited by 87 publications

References 19 publications

Prevalence of Diabetes and Impaired Fasting Glucose in the Adult Population of Iran

Prevalence of Diabetes and Impaired Fasting Glucose in the Adult Population of Iran

Urbanization and Stroke Prevalence in Taiwan: Analysis of a Nationwide Survey

Determinants of Glycosylated Haemaglobin among Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

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