Diabetes and increased lipid peroxidation are associated with systemic inflammation even in well-controlled patients

Abstract

Background The effect of the interaction between type 2 diabetes and dyslipidemia on inflammation and lipid peroxidation (LPO) has not been assessed. Aim To investigate whether diabetes coupled with dyslipidemia alters oxidative metabolism leading to increased LPO products and inflammatory status. Methods 100 patients were divided into four groups based upon diabetic and dyslipidemic status: poorly controlled diabetes with dyslipidemia (DM-PC/D), well-controlled diabetes with dyslipidemia (DM-WC/D), normoglycemic individuals with dyslipidemia (NG/D), and normoglycemic individuals without dyslipidemia (NG/ND). Plasma was evaluated for an LPO product (MDA), antioxidant levels and inflammatory cytokines. Results Diabetics presented significantly higher levels of LPO (p < 0.05) and the DM-PC/D had higher levels of proinflammatory cytokines and MDA in the plasma in comparison with normoglycemics (p < 0.05). Interestingly IL1-β, IL-6, and TNF-α in DM-WC/D were not statistically different from those in DM-PC/D. Normoglycemic individuals with dyslipidemia presented significantly increased levels of IL-6 and TNF-α when compared to normoglycemic without dyslipidemia (p < 0.05). MDA levels were also positively correlated with the presence of DM complications (r = 0.42, p < 0.01). Conclusions These findings show that dyslipidemia is associated with an increased inflammatory status, even in well-controlled diabetics and in normoglycemics. Our results suggest that lipid metabolism and peroxidation are important for the development of inflammation, which is elevated in several complications associated with diabetes.

Effect of Pterostilbene on cardiac oxidative stress on high-fat diet-fed and Streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetic mice

“…Lipid peroxidation is an important pathogenic event in diabetes mellitus. TBARS and Lipid hydroperoxides are the most commonly used markers of lipid peroxidation in plasma and tissues (de Souza Bastos et al, 2016).…”

Withania somnifera (Indian ginseng) in diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of scientific evidence from experimental research to clinical application

“…Lipid profile abnormality is evident in diabetes which increases the risks of atherosclerosis and coronary heart diseases (Krauss, ). The elevated lipid levels are result of altered oxidative metabolism which leads to increased LPO in diabetes (de Souza Bastos et al, ; Tangvarasittichai, ). Furthermore, impaired lipid metabolism and LPO leads to release of proinflammatory markers such as IL‐1β, IL‐6, IL‐8 and TNF‐α; these markers cause complications such as retinopathy and nephropathy (de Souza Bastos et al, ).…”

Insulin resistance and impaired lipid metabolism as a potential link between diabetes and Alzheimer's disease

“…Lipid peroxidation markers are elevated in the plasma of Type 2 diabetes patients and correlate positively with diabetes control, as measured by HbA1c (de Souza Bastos et al, 2016;Fatani, Babakr, NourEldin, & Almarzouki, 2016). Lipid peroxidation is also increased in the brain in a genetic rat model of diabetes (Raza, John, & Howarth, 2015) and in STZ-treated rats (Sözbir & Nazıro glu, 2016).…”

“…4‐HNE and other reactive aldehydes, toxic products of fatty acid oxidation, are increased in the brains of patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and AD (Barone et al, ; Scheff, Ansari, & Mufson, ), as well as in the plasma of AD patients (Selley, Close, & Stern, ). Lipid peroxidation markers are elevated in the plasma of Type 2 diabetes patients and correlate positively with diabetes control, as measured by HbA1c (de Souza Bastos et al, ; Fatani, Babakr, NourEldin, & Almarzouki, ). Lipid peroxidation is also increased in the brain in a genetic rat model of diabetes (Raza, John, & Howarth, ) and in STZ‐treated rats (Sözbir & Nazıroğlu, ).…”