Diabetes and impaired fasting glucose in a population-based sample of individuals aged 75 + years: associations with cognition, major depressive disorder, functionality and quality of life—the Pietà study

Impaired fasting glucose, oxidative distress, and cognitive impairment. Is this the starting point on DBT cognitive decline?

“…In this study, poorer short-term verbal memory performance was observed among men and in individuals with lower educational levels (Wright et al, 2015 ). However, in Brazil, the Pietá Study (2021) did not reveal any significant differences in cognition between adult controls and volunteers with IFG (as per ADA criteria) of similar ages and lower educational levels (Santos et al, 2021 ). Similarly, the Sidney Memory and Ageing Study, performed on individuals between 70 and 90 years old, found that IFG (as per ADA criteria) was not associated with a decline in global cognition within 2 years of study (Samaras et al, 2014 ).…”

“…Several demographic studies around the world have evaluated the cognitive state in different populations (Yaffe et al, 2004 ; Di Bonito et al, 2007 ; Rouch et al, 2012 ; Samaras et al, 2014 ; Cukierman-Yaffe et al, 2015 ; Hawkins et al, 2016 ; Zhang et al, 2016 ; Van Agtmaal et al, 2018 ; Xiu et al, 2019 ; Santos et al, 2021 ). However, these represent a small number of countries ( Figure 1A ); furthermore, the results reported by these studies are contradictory.…”

“…However, these represent a small number of countries ( Figure 1A ); furthermore, the results reported by these studies are contradictory. On one hand, several reports describe some degree of cognitive impairment in volunteers with IFG (Yaffe et al, 2004 ; Samaras et al, 2014 ; Wright et al, 2015 ; Santos et al, 2021 ). However, some studies did not detect any significant differences between controls and volunteers with IFG (Cukierman-Yaffe et al, 2015 ; Santos et al, 2021 ).…”

“…On one hand, several reports describe some degree of cognitive impairment in volunteers with IFG (Yaffe et al, 2004 ; Samaras et al, 2014 ; Wright et al, 2015 ; Santos et al, 2021 ). However, some studies did not detect any significant differences between controls and volunteers with IFG (Cukierman-Yaffe et al, 2015 ; Santos et al, 2021 ). This controversy could be due to the different composition of volunteer populations in terms of age, socio-economical and/or educational status, as well as IFG duration.…”