Diabetes and Hypertension among Patients Receiving Antiretroviral Treatment Since 1998 in Senegal: Prevalence and Associated Factors

Diouf, A.; Cournil, Amandine; Ba-Fall, K.; Ngom-Gueye, Ndeye Fatou; Eymard-Duvernay, Sabrina; Ndiaye, Ibrahima; Batista, G.; Guèye, Papa Mandoumbé; Ba, P.S.; Taverne, Bernard; Delaporte, Eric; Sow, Papa Salif

doi:10.5402/2012/621565

Cited by 46 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…This average age is similar to that observed by DIOUF Assane et al [13]. Our study population belongs to one of the oldest PLHIV cohorts in Senegal.…”

Section: Epidemiological Aspectssupporting

confidence: 76%

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Prevalence of Hypertension and Associated Factors in Patients Living with HIV Followed at the Ambulatory Treatment Center (CTA) of Fann National University Hospital in Dakar

Gueye¹,

Kà²,

Tall³

et al. 2017

Health

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Introduction: The efficacy of antiretroviral therapy in people living with HIV (PLHIV) has been associated with an important increase in metabolic disorders, such as hypertension (HTA). This work allowed us to estimate the prevalence of hypertension in PLHIV and to describe associated factors. Methods: A retrospective, descriptive and analytical study was carried out based on the records of people living with HIV followed at the Ambulatory Treatment Center (CTA), from January 1 st 1998 to 31 st , December 2014. The WHO criteria were used to diagnose hypertension. Data entry was performed using ESOPE software and data analysis was done using Epi Info software version 3.5.3. A multiple logistic regression was used to identify the risk factors associated with hypertension. Results: During the study period, 3624 patients followed at CTA were included of which 1184 patients (32.7%) had hypertension. The average age was 47. 3 years ±10.5 years, with a sex ratio of 0.7. The most common opportunistic infections at diagnosis were tuberculosis (14.9%) and oral candidiasis (15.3%). The HIV infection was advanced (stage 3 or 4 of WHO classification) for 39% of cases. Overweight and obesity was found in 19.1%. Only 17.6% were treated by protease inhibitors. Higher average age

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“…This average age is similar to that observed by DIOUF Assane et al [13]. Our study population belongs to one of the oldest PLHIV cohorts in Senegal.…”

Section: Epidemiological Aspectssupporting

confidence: 76%

“…This serotype predominates in studies carried out in Senegal [13]. Nevertheless, hypertension was more frequent in patients with a double profile or in patients with HIV-2 LEYE AW F found a higher Framingham score for HIV-2 [6].…”

Section: Paraclinical Aspectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Hypertension and Associated Factors in Patients Living with HIV Followed at the Ambulatory Treatment Center (CTA) of Fann National University Hospital in Dakar

Gueye¹,

Kà²,

Tall³

et al. 2017

Health

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“…10,11 The prevalence of diabetes in the present study was similar to reported rates in the general Ghanaian population, 12,13 but lower than rates among individuals with HIV in Nigeria (11% prevalence) and Senegal (15% prevalence), respectively. 14,15 In these studies, patients had been on HAART for a longer duration and on predominantly protease inhibitor-based regimes, which was very low in the current study (1%). Protease inhibitors increase the risk for dysmetabolic states, which contributes to the increased incidence of diabetes in the HIV population.…”

Section: Comparison With Previous Researchmentioning

confidence: 63%

“…37 A higher prevalence has been reported, however, in both a Senegalese cohort (28%) and a recent Ghanaian cohort (40%), which may be due to differences in baseline age and sex. 9,15,38 These findings underscore the fact that the burden of hypertension is likely to rise with an aging HIV population and should attract proportionate public health and clinical response to curb the projected increase in prevalence and its associated disease burden.…”

Section: Comparison With Previous Researchmentioning

confidence: 89%

Cardiovascular risk factors among Ghanaian patients with HIV: A cross‐sectional study

Appiah

Huffman

Nguah

et al. 2019

Clinical Cardiology

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BackgroundCardiovascular disease (CVD) poses a significant cause of morbidity and mortality among people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). However, data are limited on CVD risk burden among HIV patients in Ghana. We describe the age‐ and sex‐adjusted prevalence of CVD risk factors among HIV patients in Ghana.MethodsFrom January 2013 to May 2014, we identified eligible HIV patients 18 years and older, as well as uninfected adult blood donors presenting to the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital as controls. Using a standardized protocol, we collected demographic, clinical, laboratory, and electrocardiographic data. We created multivariable logistic regression models to compare the prevalence of abnormal risk factors between the two groups.ResultsWe recruited 345 patients with HIV (n = 173 on HAART, n = 172 not on HAART) and 161 uninfected adult blood donors. Patients with HIV were older (mean [SD] age: 41 [11] vs 32 [11] years) and were more likely to be female (72% vs 28%) than blood donors. Among patients on HAART, median (interquartile range) treatment duration was 17 (4‐52) months. The prevalence of hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and diabetes mellitus among HIV patients was 9%, 29%, and 5%, respectively, compared with 5%, 15%, and 0.6% among uninfected blood donors. Smoking was the least prevalent CVD risk factor (1%‐2%). After adjustment for age, sex, and body mass index, HIV patients had a 10‐fold higher odds of prevalent diabetes compared with controls, (adjusted OR = 10.3 [95% CI: 1.2, 86.7]).ConclusionCVD risk factors are common among HIV patients in Ghana, demonstrating the urgent need for creation and implementation of strategic CVD interventions.

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“…There are number of modifiable, lifestyle factors associated with hypertension including obesity, overweight, cigarette smoking, alcohol, and low physical activity [8–10]. And there are some reports of an association between hypertension and HIV although this may be due to the use of antiretroviral drugs which may cause increased blood pressure [11]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence,awareness and factors associated with hypertension in North West Tanzania

Mosha

Mahande

Juma

et al. 2017

Global Health Action

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Background: Hypertension is a public health problem, and yet few people are aware of it and even fewer access effective treatment. With the ongoing demographic transition in many parts of Sub-Saharan Africa, people are changing from rural, manual work to urban lifestyles, hence the risk of hypertension increases. Objective: This study aimed at determining the prevalence, awareness and risk factors associated with hypertension in North West Tanzania. Design: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among adults in Magu District in 2013. Information on socio-demographic, economic and lifestyle characteristics, medical conditions, and risk factors for hypertension were collected according to the WHO Steps survey tool. Measurements of blood pressure, blood sugar, pulse rate, and anthropometry were taken. Multivariate logistic regression was used to estimate the odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for factors associated with hypertension (Blood pressure ≥140/90mm/Hg). Frequencies and percentages were used to determine the awareness, and treatment among hypertensive participants. Results: Among 9678 participants, the prevalence of hypertension was 8.0% and pre-hypertension 36.2%. There was a higher prevalence of hypertension at older ages, among females (8.2%) compared to males (7.7%), and among urban dwellers (10.1%) compared to rural residents (6.8%). Overweight, obese, and diabetic individuals had a higher risk of hypertension while HIV positive participants had a lower risk of hypertension (OR = 0.56; 95% CI 0.39 – 0.79). Among participants with hypertension, awareness was less than 10%. Conclusion: By integrating blood pressure screening into our long-standing community HIV screening program, we were able to identify many previously undiagnosed cases of hypertension and pre-hypertension. Age, residence, overweight and obesity were the major associated factors for hypertension. Awareness and treatment rates are very low indicating the need for programs to improve awareness, and treatment of hypertension.

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Diabetes and Hypertension among Patients Receiving Antiretroviral Treatment Since 1998 in Senegal: Prevalence and Associated Factors

Cited by 46 publications

References 67 publications

Prevalence of Hypertension and Associated Factors in Patients Living with HIV Followed at the Ambulatory Treatment Center (CTA) of Fann National University Hospital in Dakar

Prevalence of Hypertension and Associated Factors in Patients Living with HIV Followed at the Ambulatory Treatment Center (CTA) of Fann National University Hospital in Dakar

Cardiovascular risk factors among Ghanaian patients with HIV: A cross‐sectional study

Prevalence,awareness and factors associated with hypertension in North West Tanzania

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