Diabetes and coronavirus infections (SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2)

Navand, Azadeh Haghi; Soltani, Saber; Moghadami, Mona; Hosseini, Parastoo; Nasimzadeh, Sepideh; Zandi, Milad

doi:10.4103/2221-6189.299178

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Clinical trials validated the efficacy of these two mRNA vaccines with more than 90% protection against COVID-19 and a favorable safety profile. However, SARS-CoV-2 viruses may modulate protective immune responses by developing immune evasion mechanisms to provide a more stable ecological niche ( 51 , 52 ). In the face of the emergence of the Omicron mutant strain, monovalent vaccines encoding only the original strain do not appear to be able to establish an effective immune barrier, as immune escape leads to reduced vaccine effectiveness.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relative effectiveness of bivalent COVID-19 vaccine: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Cheng,

Li,

Weng

et al. 2024

Front. Med.

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ObjectiveThe rapid development of COVID-19 bivalent vaccines (BVs) has encompassed both the original virus strains and the variant strain. However, the effectiveness of BVs is largely unknown. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the effectiveness of BVs.MethodsLiterature research was conducted through PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Science up until November 4, 2023. Both randomized control trials and observational studies were considered for inclusion. Pooled estimates were calculated using a random effects model. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) was used to assess the risk of bias in cohort and case–control studies.ResultsA total of 1,174 articles were reviewed and 22 eligible studies were included. All included studies were observational (15 cohort studies, 7 case–control studies). The total number of participants was 39,673,160, and the number of people vaccinated with BVs as an intervention group was 11,585,182. Two mRNA BVs were mainly involved, including the ancestral strain and the BA.1 or BA.4–5 variants. Meta-analysis results showed, compared with the monovalent vaccines (MVs), the relative effectiveness (rVE) of the BVs in COVID-19-associated infections/symptomatic infections, illnesses, hospitalizations, and deaths was 30.90% [95% confidence interval (CI), 8.43–53.37], 39.83% (95% CI, 27.34–52.32), 59.70% (95% CI, 44.08–75.32), and 72.23% (95% CI, 62.08–82.38), respectively. For those aged 50 years and older, BVs provided an additional 49.69% (95% CI, 41.44–57.94) effective protection compared with MVs. During the dominance period of the omicron XBB variant strain, BVs provided an additional 47.63% (95% CI, 27.45–67.82) effective protection compared with MVs.ConclusionOur findings show that the rVE of BVs in preventing COVID-19-associated infections, symptomatic infections, illnesses, hospitalizations, and deaths is higher compared to MVs. Particularly for people over 50 years of age and during the Omicron variant XBB dominance phase, BVs provided superior protection. Therefore, BVs may have a broader application in the prevention and control of coronaviruses variant.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relative effectiveness of bivalent COVID-19 vaccine: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Cheng,

Li,

Weng

et al. 2024

Front. Med.

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“…It was reported that people with diabetes have an increased risk of hospitalisation and mortality from COVID-19 infection. 5 , 6 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It was reported that people with diabetes have an increased risk of hospitalisation and mortality from COVID-19 infection. 5,6 The World Health Organization (WHO) recently reported that the world is in the midst of a diabetes pandemic, with people in Southeast Asia and the Western Pacific most at risk. 7 An epidemiological study of the burden of diabetes revealed that in 2021, about 537 million persons were living with the disease globally.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diabetes Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices in adults with type 2 diabetes at primary health care clinics in Kimberley South Africa

Alenbalu,

Egenasi,

Steinberg

et al. 2024

South African Family Practice

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Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common non-communicable disease associated with significant morbidity and mortality globally. It poses a huge public health and economic challenge. People with diabetes need to have adequate knowledge, attitudes and practice (KAP) to prevent complications from diabetes. This study aims to evaluate the KAP towards diabetes among type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients attending primary healthcare clinics in Kimberley.Methods: A cross-sectional analytical, quantitative questionnaire-based study was done using a convenient sampling method in Sol Plaatje Municipality, Kimberley, Northern Cape.Results: A total of 363 type 2 diabetic patients took part in the study. Most of the participants (62.0%) were females. Most had good knowledge (67.5%), while 64.5% of the participants showed good attitudes towards diabetes. However, only 35.8% of the participants had good practices towards diabetes. There was a significant association between the participant’s level of education and (1) knowledge and (2) practice, with p-values of 0.002 and 0.0075, respectively. No significant association was found between the participant’s level of education and attitudes towards diabetes (p = 0.2416).Conclusion: This study demonstrated good diabetes-related knowledge and attitudes but inadequate practices among participants. Educational programmes to assist patients with diabetes to improve their practice towards diabetes should be encouraged and implemented.Contribution: This study will help to create awareness of the need for people with diabetes to improve their practices towards diabetes.

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Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus‐2 and its structural proteins

Zandi

Soltani

2021

Journal Cellular Physiology

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Diabetes and coronavirus infections (SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2)

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Relative effectiveness of bivalent COVID-19 vaccine: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Relative effectiveness of bivalent COVID-19 vaccine: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Diabetes Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices in adults with type 2 diabetes at primary health care clinics in Kimberley South Africa

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus‐2 and its structural proteins

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