Diabetes and Aging: Unique Considerations and Goals of Care

Kalyani, Rita R.; Golden, Sherita Hill; Cefalu, William T.

doi:10.2337/dci17-0005

Cited by 161 publications

(115 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Older adults represent a large portion of new diabetes incidence . In the United States, close to one in three adults over the age of 65 years have T2DM.…”

Section: Obesity and Age‐related Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Older adults represent a large portion of new diabetes incidence. 163 In the United States, close to one in three adults over the age of F I G U R E 3 Many individuals with normal weight (blue line) develop chronic diseases at older ages, when they reach the threshold of disease (the point of onset of a particular chronic disease in an individual). However, people who are overweight (purple line) or with obesity (brown line) may reach the threshold of disease at a younger age.…”

Section: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitusmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Obesity and ageing: Two sides of the same coin

2020

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Summary Conditions and comorbidities of obesity mirror those of ageing and age‐related diseases. Obesity and ageing share a similar spectrum of phenotypes such as compromised genomic integrity, impaired mitochondrial function, accumulation of intracellular macromolecules, weakened immunity, shifts in tissue and body composition, and enhanced systemic inflammation. Moreover, it has been shown that obesity reduces life expectancy by 5.8 years in men and 7.1 years in women after the age of 40. Shorter life expectancy could be because obesity holistically accelerates ageing at multiple levels. Besides jeopardizing nuclear DNA and mitochondrial DNA integrity, obesity modifies the DNA methylation pattern, which is associated with epigenetic ageing in different tissues. Additionally, other signs of ageing are seen in individuals with obesity including telomere shortening, systemic inflammation, and functional declines. This review aims to show how obesity and ageing are “two sides of the same coin” through discussing how obesity predisposes an individual to age‐related conditions, illness, and disease. We will further demonstrate how the mechanisms that perpetuate the early‐onset of chronic diseases in obesity parallel those of ageing.

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“…Older adults represent a large portion of new diabetes incidence . In the United States, close to one in three adults over the age of 65 years have T2DM.…”

Section: Obesity and Age‐related Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity and ageing: Two sides of the same coin

2020

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“…These progressive declines are associated with a higher incidence of neurodegenerative, cardiovascular, and metabolic diseases in aged humans. Aging increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes (T2D), a disease that further increases the risk of cardiovascular complications and death (Kalyani et al, 2017). T2D is primarily caused by the functional decline and/or loss of pancreatic beta cells and loss of peripheral insulin signaling, which results in impaired glucose homeostasis (Doria et al, 2008;Gutiérrez et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aging of human endocrine pancreatic cell types is heterogeneous and sex-specific

Drigo

Erikson

Capitanio

et al. 2019

Preprint

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≥ 50 years old, 80% of their beta cells exhibited a transcriptional signature similar to cells from type-2 diabetic (T2D) donors. Surprisingly, ~5% of beta cells from T2D donors retained a youthful, N.D. transcriptional profile. Furthermore, beta cell function was reduced by 50% during aging in men but not women, which may explain sex-associated differences in diabetes etiology. These analyses reveal that aging of the human endocrine pancreas is sex-and cell-type specific.

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“…The number of older persons in the world is projected to be 1.4 billion in 2030 and 2.1 billion in 2050, and could rise to 3.1 billion in 2100 [2]. Currently, almost one-third of United States adults over the age of 65 years have diabetes [5]. Globally, it is estimated that about 30% of older adults meet the criteria for diabetes diagnosis and a 4.5-fold increase in those aged 65 years and older with diabetes has been projected from 2005 to 2050 [6].…”

Section: Short Commentarymentioning

confidence: 99%