Di-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate in sewage sludge and post-treated sludge: Quantitative determination by HRGC-MS and mass spectral characterization

Bagó, B.; Martín, Yaima Barrios San; Mejia, Giovanna; Broto-Puig, F.; Díaz-Ferrero, Jordi; Agut, Montserrat; Comellas, L.

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2004.11.077

Cited by 51 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The European Commission has suggested that for agricultural use, the diethylhexyl phthalate concentration in sewage sludge should be limited to 100 mg kg −1 dry weight (Bagó et al 2005). Although some researchers showed that the application of biosolids did not increase the phthalic acid ester concentrations in soil (Rhind et al 2002;Petersen et al 2003), the effect of biosolids application on soil concentrations cannot be neglected, because it may involve risks with other potentially harmful concentrations such as pathogens and heavy metals.…”

Section: Municipal Biosolidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contamination and remediation of phthalic acid esters in agricultural soils in China: a review

He¹,

Gielen²,

Bolan³

et al. 2014

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

229

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Phthalic acid esters have been used as plasticizers in numerous products and classified as endocrine-disrupting compounds. As China is one of the largest consumers of phthalic acid esters, some human activities may lead to the accumulation of phthalic acid esters in soil and result in contamination. Therefore, it is necessary for us to understand the current contamination status and to identify appropriate remediation technologies. Here, we reviewed the potential sources, distribution, and contamination status of phthalic acid esters in soil. We then described the ecological effect and human risk of phthalic acid esters and finally provided technologies to remediate phthalic acid esters. We found that (1) the application of plastic agricultural films, municipal biosolids, agricultural chemicals, and wastewater irrigation have been identified as the main sources for phthalic acid ester contamination in agricultural soil; (2) the distribution of phthalic acid esters in soils is determined by factors such as anthropogenic behaviors, soil type, properties of phthalic acid esters, seasonal variation, etc.; (3) the concentrations of phthalic acid esters in soil in most regions of China are exceeding the recommended values of soil cleanup guidelines used by the US Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA), causing phthalic acid ester in soils to contaminate vegetables; (4) phthalic acid esters are toxic to soil microbes and enzymes; and (5) phthalic acid ester-contaminated soil can be remedied by degradation, phytoremediation, and adsorption.

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Section: Municipal Biosolidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contamination and remediation of phthalic acid esters in agricultural soils in China: a review

He¹,

Gielen²,

Bolan³

et al. 2014

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

229

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…This molecular structure reflects DEHP's poor water solubility compared to PAEs containing shorter alkyl chain lengths. DEHP can readily accumulate in lipids of aqueous biota when present in water due to its high Values were estimated and predicted under standard conditions derived from Staples et al [11] and Brown et al [29] hydrophobic property [26]. The consumption of DEHP in drinking water can cause serious health concerns because of the testicularatrophy and hepatocellular carcinomas that have been proven in rats and mice [24,30,31].…”

Section: Di-(2-ethylhexyl) Phthalatementioning

confidence: 99%

Biodegradation of Emerging Organic Contaminants by Composting

Kumar

2012

The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry

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Sewage sludge is a rich source of organic matter and nutrients, which can be utilized for soil improvement and plant growth. The utilization of sewage sludge for plant growth and conversion of sludge into renewable resource is often restricted by the presence of hazardous organic matter (HOM) including di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) and antibiotics. HOM enters the sewerage system through various domestic and industrial sources; they are mostly hydrophobic in nature and recalcitrant to microorganisms. HOM has the tendency to accumulate in the sludge during biological wastewater treatment processes and, subsequently, raise the difficulty of further sludge treatment and/or disposal. The application of sewage sludge containing HOM can create risk to ecosystems. The stability and biodegradation of DEHP and antibiotics during composting are discussed in this chapter. Finally, the recent advances in the bioremoval of these HOM are briefly summarized.

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“…There are some researches on DEHP determination in environmental samples such as marine sediments [16], source emissions [17], soils [18], surface waters [19,20], PVC materials [21], and toys [22] using GC, GC-MS [23], or HPLC [24] techniques. Liquid-liquid extraction (LLE), SPE [25], microwave-assisted solvent extraction (MASE) [26], supercritical-fluid extraction (SFE) [27], and in-tube SPME [28] have been mostly used for the sample extraction of various plasticizers from different matrices.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of solidification of floating drop and homogenous liquid–liquid microextractions for the extraction of two plasticizers from the water kept in PET‐bottles

Yamini¹,

Ghambarian

Khalili-Zanjani

et al. 2009

J of Separation Science

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Two approaches based on solidification of floating drop microextraction (SFDME) and homogenous liquid-liquid microextraction (HLLE) were compared for the extraction and preconcentration of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) and di-(2-ethylhexyl) adipate (DEHA) from the mineral water samples. In SFDME, a floated drop of the mixture of acetophenone/1-undecanol (1:8) was exposed on the surface of the aqueous solution and extraction was permitted to occur. In HLLE, a homogenous ternary solvent system was used by water/methanol/chloroform and the phase separation phenomenon occurred by salt addition. Under the optimal conditions, the LODs for the two target plasticizers (DEHA and DEHP), obtained by SFDME-GC-FID and HLLE-GC-FID, were ranged from 0.03 to 0.01 microg/L and 0.02 to 0.01 microg/L, respectively. HLLE provided higher preconcentration factors (472.5- and 551.2-fold) within the shorter extraction time as well as better RSDs (4.5-6.9%). While, in SFDME, high preconcentration factors in the range of 162-198 and good RSDs in the range of 5.2-9.6% were obtained. Both methods were applied for the analysis of two plasticizers in different water samples and two target plasticizers were found in the bottled mineral water after the expiring time and the boiling water was exposed to a polyethylene vial.

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Di-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate in sewage sludge and post-treated sludge: Quantitative determination by HRGC-MS and mass spectral characterization

Cited by 51 publications

References 14 publications

Contamination and remediation of phthalic acid esters in agricultural soils in China: a review

Contamination and remediation of phthalic acid esters in agricultural soils in China: a review

Biodegradation of Emerging Organic Contaminants by Composting

Comparison of solidification of floating drop and homogenous liquid–liquid microextractions for the extraction of two plasticizers from the water kept in PET‐bottles

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