Dhole Cuon alpinus (Mammalia: Carnivora: Canidae) rediscovered in Bardia National Park, Nepal

Yadav, Shailendra Kumar; Lamichhane, Babu Ram; Subedi, Naresh; Thapa, Ramesh; Poudyal, Laxman Prasad; Dahal, Bhagawan Raj

doi:10.11609/jott.4714.11.12.14582-14586

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Dholes reportedly predated heavily on livestock, leading to retaliatory persecution through poisoning of bait carcasses, which killed large numbers of dholes (Lovari et al, 2009; Khatiwada et al, 2011; G. Singh, in litt., July 2022). There was also evidence of the disappearance of dholes from Chitwan National Park and Bardia National Park during the early 1990s (Jnawali et al, 2011; Yadav et al, 2019).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges and possible conservation implications of recolonizing dholes Cuon alpinus in Nepal

Ghimirey,

Acharya,

Yadav

et al. 2024

Oryx

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The Endangered dhole Cuon alpinus is a medium-sized canid that was historically distributed widely across East, Central, South and Southeast Asia. In Nepal, following heavy persecution during the 1970s and 1980s, the species was locally extirpated across large parts of the country. After decades of near absence, the dhole is reportedly showing signs of recovery in various areas of Nepal. We carried out three surveys using camera traps (resulting in a total of 6,550 camera-trap days), reviewed literature and interviewed herders and conservation practitioners (40 interviews) to determine the historical and current distribution of dholes in the country, and the species’ current status. Our camera traps recorded five images of dholes, and the literature review and interview survey provided further insights into the historical and current presence of dholes in Nepal. The combined findings suggest dholes have recolonized many areas where they had been locally extirpated, such as the Annapurna Conservation Area in central Nepal and the Tinjure–Milke–Jaljale forests in the eastern part of the country. Although these returns are encouraging, challenges remain for dhole recolonization, including conflict with livestock herders, human hunting of wild ungulates affecting the species’ prey base, increasing infrastructure development in forested areas, and diseases.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges and possible conservation implications of recolonizing dholes Cuon alpinus in Nepal

Ghimirey,

Acharya,

Yadav

et al. 2024

Oryx

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“…India lost around 60% of Dholes in the last 100 years (Karanth et al 2010) and less than 1,500 individuals are left in Indian forests (Johnsingh & Acharya 2013;Kamler et al 2015), surviving majorly in Western and Eastern Ghats, Terai, Kumaon, Himalayan region, northeastern states, and relatively larger population in central India (Srivastava & Singh 2003;Durbin et al 2004;Iyengar et al 2005;Jhala et al 2008;Karanth et al 2009;Gopi et al 2010;Johnsingh & Acharya 2013;Kamler et al 2015). Although the population disappeared from former range (Johnsingh 1985;Kamler et al 2015), the recent rediscoveries in newer areas have raised the hope in Sikkim (Bashir et al 2014), western Himalaya (Pal et al 2018), Tso Kar, Ladakh (Kamler et al 2015), and in different parts of Nepal (Khatiwada et al 2011;Thapa et al 2013;Lamichhane et al 2018;Yadav et al 2019). These discoveries indicate that the species is moving out to ensure fewer competition and less disturbance, which in future may foster resilience and expand its range.…”

Section: Open Accessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reappearance of Dhole Cuon alpinus (Mammalia: Carnivora: Canidae) in Gujarat after 70 years

Kazi

Rabari²,

Dahya³

et al. 2021

J. Threat. Taxa

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The Dhole Cuon alpinus used to be the meso carnivore of the forests throughout Indian subcontinent; however, habitat loss, low prey biomass, and human disturbance exterminated the species from India’s 60% historic range, and the numbers are less than 1,500 individuals in wild. Following the same shrinking trend, Dholes were extirpated from Gujarat. A few doubtful sightings and inevident reportings generated ambiguity of Dhole presence in Gujarat. We conducted a study in Vansda National Park with 15,660 trap nights at 30 trap locations, and have confirmed the rediscovery of Dholes in Gujarat after 70 years. We estimated the Dhole’s minimum home range as 13.7km2 and also analyzed relative abundance index of other mammals. The future retention of Dholes requires detailed range, diet, and adaption studies along with conservational efforts to reduce re-extinction probabilities.

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“…Prey species such as chital (Axis axis), hog deer (Axis porcinus), wild boar (Sus scrofa), barking deer (Muntiacus vaginalis), swamp deer (Cervus duvauceli), four-horned antelope (Tetracerous quadricornis) and nilgai (Boselaphus tragocamelus) also occur in the park (Wegge et al, 2009). Other carnivores such as sloth bear (Melursus ursinus), golden jackal (Canis aureus) and dhole (Cuon alpinus) are also present, but in low numbers (Støen and Wegge, 1996;Yadav et al, 2019). Mega herbivores like one horned Rhinoceros (Rhinoceros unicornis) and Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) are also present in the area.…”

Section: Survey Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Rusty-spotted cat Prionailurus rubiginosus (I. Geoffroy Saint-Hillaire) camera trapped in the Bardia-Banke complex of Western Terai Arc Landscape, Nepal

Yadav

Lamichhane²,

Subedi³

et al. 2021

JAD

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The Rusty-spotted Cat Prionailurus rubiginosus is a 'Near Threatened' small felid native to South Asia. It was believed to occur only in India and Sri Lanka, but recent studies confirmed its presence in the Bardia National Park (BNP) and Shuklaphanta National Park, Nepal. Here we add evidence of the species in the Banke National Park (BaNP) in 2013 and Bardia National Park (BNP) in 2017. A pair of motion sensor cameras was installed either side of the game trail, forest road or stream bed, maximizing the possibility of tiger capture. Cameras were active for a minimum of 15 days in each sampling location. Camera trap photos were systematically sorted specieswise. A photograph of a single individual rusty-spotted cat was obtained in BaNP in the hot dry season (April-May) of 2013. The camera trap location in BaNP lies in drydeciduous Sal Shoresa robusta forest at a distance of approximately 4.3 km from the nearest settlements. Additional photographs of rusty-spotted cat were obtained in BNP during the camera trap survey conducted in the dry season (January-April) of 2017. Importantly, the BNP detections confirm the presence of rusty-spotted cats in community forests outside protected areas. These findings reinforce mounting evidence of the value of observations of elusive species made as by-catch from camera-trapping studies focused on tigers or other large charismatic fauna, especially in the context of extending information on poorly known geographical ranges.

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Dhole Cuon alpinus (Mammalia: Carnivora: Canidae) rediscovered in Bardia National Park, Nepal

Cited by 4 publications

References 7 publications

Challenges and possible conservation implications of recolonizing dholes Cuon alpinus in Nepal

Challenges and possible conservation implications of recolonizing dholes Cuon alpinus in Nepal

Reappearance of Dhole Cuon alpinus (Mammalia: Carnivora: Canidae) in Gujarat after 70 years

Rusty-spotted cat Prionailurus rubiginosus (I. Geoffroy Saint-Hillaire) camera trapped in the Bardia-Banke complex of Western Terai Arc Landscape, Nepal

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