Dextran

Wang, Rong; Dijkstra, Pieter J.; Karperien, Marcel

doi:10.1002/9781119126218.ch18

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Dextranase is an enzyme that hydrolyzes the α-1,6 glycosidic bonds of dextran and is present in the human body in the intestine, kidneys, lungs, and spleen. 42 Despite the significant chemical modification of the dextran, the DNGs were degraded by the addition of dextranase to the suspensions ( Figure 7 ), resulting in the release of the encapsulated FITC-albumin. The DNG dispersions in PBS buffer (at pH = 7.4) did not show any release over several hours.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The release of the encapsulated FITC-albumin was also studied in the presence of dextranase. Dextranase is an enzyme that hydrolyzes the α-1,6 glycosidic bonds of dextran and is present in the human body in the intestine, kidneys, lungs, and spleen . Despite the significant chemical modification of the dextran, the DNGs were degraded by the addition of dextranase to the suspensions (Figure ), resulting in the release of the encapsulated FITC-albumin.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bio-Orthogonal Nanogels for Multiresponsive Release

et al. 2021

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Responsive nanogel systems are interesting for the drug delivery of bioactive molecules due to their high stability in aqueous media. The development of nanogels that are able to respond to biochemical cues and compatible with the encapsulation and the release of large and sensitive payloads remains challenging. Here, multistimuli-responsive nanogels were synthesized using a bio-orthogonal and reversible reaction and were designed for the selective release of encapsulated cargos in a spatiotemporally controlled manner. The nanogels were composed of a functionalized polysaccharide cross-linked with pH-responsive hydrazone linkages. The effect of the pH value of the environment on the nanogels was fully reversible, leading to a reversible control of the release of the payloads and a “stop-and-go” release profile. In addition to the pH-sensitive nature of the hydrazone network, the dextran backbone can be degraded through enzymatic cleavage. Furthermore, the cross-linkers were designed to be responsive to oxidoreductive cues. Disulfide groups, responsive to reducing environments, and thioketal groups, responsive to oxidative environments, were integrated into the nanogel network. The release of model payloads was investigated in response to changes in the pH value of the environment or to the presence of reducing or oxidizing agents.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bio-Orthogonal Nanogels for Multiresponsive Release

et al. 2021

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“…The original size and shape of the hydrogels could also be recovered after dehydration by oven-drying. Because (1 → 6)-α- d -glucan is known to be degraded by dextran-1,6-glucosidase and dextranase in the human body, , this hydrogel may have potential as a biomaterial in applications such as wound dressings, hemostasis, humectants, and drug delivery materials. Future studies should evaluate the biocompatibility and biodegradability of this hydrogel in the human body.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, natural dextran produced from bacteria always has a degree of branching of at least 5%. Dextran is biocompatible and biodegradable and can be degraded by dextran-1,6-glucosidase and dextranase in the human body. , Therefore, it is used in various fields, especially the medical and pharmaceutical fields …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Synthesis of Branchless Linear (1 → 6)-α-d-Glucan by Glucosyltransferase K: Mechanical and Swelling Properties of Its Hydrogels Crosslinked with Diglycidyl Ethers

Kobayashi

Kusumi

et al. 2020

ACS Omega

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A hydrogel was prepared from a polysaccharide, enzymatically synthesized through a one-pot reaction in aqueous solution, and its properties as a functional material were evaluated. Enzymatic synthesis using glucosyltransferase K obtained from Streptococcus salivarius ATCC 25975 was performed with sucrose as a substrate. The synthetic product was unbranched linear (1 → 6)-α-d-glucan with a high molecular weight, M w: 1.0–3.0 × 105. The synthesized (1 → 6)-α-d-glucan was insoluble in water and crystallized in a monoclinic unit cell, which is consistent with the hydrated form of dextran. Transparent and highly swellable (1 → 6)-α-d-glucan hydrogels were obtained by crosslinking with diglycidyl ethers. The hydrogels showed no syneresis and no volume change during compression, resulting in the retention of shape under repeated compression. The elastic moduli of these hydrogels (<60 kPa) are smaller than those of other polysaccharide-based hydrogels having the same solid contents. The oven-dried gels could be restored to the hydrogel state with the original transparency and a recovery ratio greater than 98%. The mechanism of water diffusion into the hydrogel was investigated using the kinetic equation of Peppas. The properties of the hydrogel are impressive relative to those of other polysaccharide-based hydrogels, suggesting its potential as a functional biomaterial.

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“…The presence of multiple free hydroxyl groups in dextran molecules has made it possible to obtain a large number of derivatives (oxidized dextran, ethers, esters, including phosphates, sulphates, carbonates.) which have also found wide and varied applications as promising medicinal products (Heinze et al 2006;Maia et al 2014;Wang et al 2016). Besides the cross-linking of dextran to obtain derivatives with desired properties can be achieved by physical interactions and chemical reactions (Heinze et al 2006;Maia et al 2014;Van Tomme et al 2008).…”

Section: Biomedical and Technological Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extracellular polysaccharides produced by bacteria of the Leuconostoc genus

Zikmanis

Brants²,

Koļesovs

et al. 2020

World J Microbiol Biotechnol

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Structurally diverse biopolymers, including extracellular polysaccharides (EPS), synthesized by bacteria can possess physicochemical and functional properties that make them important products of microbial synthesis with a broad and versatile biotechnological potential. Leuconostoc spp. belongs to the group of lactic acid bacteria as one of the predominant members and are relevant not only in varied food fermentations, but also can be employed in the production of extracellular homopolysaccharides (HoPS) such as α-glucans (dextran, alternan) and β-fructans (levan,inulin) from the sucrose-containing substrates. EPS are synthesized by specific Leuconostoc spp. extracellular glycosyltransferases [dextran sucrase, alternansucrase (ASR)] and fructosyltransferases (levansucrase, inulosucrase) and enzymatic reactions can be performed in whole culture systems as well as using cell-free enzymes. Both α-glucans and β-fructans have a wide range of properties, mostly depending on their pattern of linkages, which, although differing in some respects, make suitable prerequisites for their versatile application in many fields, especially in the food industry and biomedicine. As a rule, these properties (polymer type, molecular mass, rheological parameters), as well as the overall EPS yield, are strain-specific for the selected producers and depend to a large extent on the nutritional and growth conditions used, which in many cases remain not sufficiently optimized for Leuconostoc spp. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the potential of Leuconostoc spp. to produce commercially relevant EPS, including information on their applications in various fields, producer strains, production methods and techniques used, selected conditions, the productivity of bioprocesses as well as the possible use of renewable resources for their development.

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Dextran

Cited by 11 publications

References 38 publications

Bio-Orthogonal Nanogels for Multiresponsive Release

Bio-Orthogonal Nanogels for Multiresponsive Release

In Vitro Synthesis of Branchless Linear (1 → 6)-α-d-Glucan by Glucosyltransferase K: Mechanical and Swelling Properties of Its Hydrogels Crosslinked with Diglycidyl Ethers

Extracellular polysaccharides produced by bacteria of the Leuconostoc genus

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