Dexamethasone Induces an Acute and Sustained Rise in Circulating Leptin Levels in Normal Human Subjects

Miell, JP; Englaro, Piera; Blum, WF

doi:10.1055/s-2007-979882

Cited by 165 publications

(105 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…This response of leptin is opposing to the sensitized surge of corticosterone in the same animals, which has been considered as a pathophysiological feature of hyperactive HPA axis in human depression [8]. However, the stress-induced fall in leptin concentrations is unlikely to be mediated by corticosterone, as glucocorticoids have been shown to stimulate, rather than to inhibit, leptin production and release [9][10][11].…”

Section: Animal Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The leptin hypothesis of depression: a potential link between mood disorders and obesity?

Lü

2007

Current Opinion in Pharmacology

253

198

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SummaryThe adipose-derived hormone leptin is well known for its function in the control of energy homeostasis. Recent studies suggest a novel role for this adipokine in the regulation of mood and emotion. Low levels of leptin have been found to be associated with depressive behaviors in rodents and humans. Pharmacological studies indicate that leptin has antidepressant-like efficacy. Both leptin insufficiency and leptin resistance may contribute to alterations of affective status. Identifying the key brain regions that mediate leptin's antidepressant activity and dissecting its intracellular signal transduction pathways may provide new insights into the pathogenesis of depression and facilitate the development of novel therapeutic strategies for the treatment of this illness.

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Section: Animal Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The leptin hypothesis of depression: a potential link between mood disorders and obesity?

Lü

2007

Current Opinion in Pharmacology

253

198

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Individuals with any other condition that may possibly influence leptin or ghrelin levels, such as chronic inflammatory intestinal diseases or rheumatoid disorders, other chronic inflammatory diseases, malignant tumours, dysfunction of the thyroid gland, diabetes mellitus and cardiac disease (New York Heart Association Functional Class oII ), as well as treatment with corticosteroids [23][24][25], sex hormones [26] and b-blockers [27] were excluded from both groups, as were longterm fasting individuals [28]. Since ghrelin is a stomachderived hormone, patients with gastric disease or prior gastric surgery were excluded from the study.…”

Section: Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leptin and ghrelin levels in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea: effect of CPAP treatment

Harsch¹,

Konturek²,

Koebnick³

et al. 2003

European Respiratory Journal

252

165

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Serum leptin and ghrelin levels were investigated in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) syndrome before and during continuous positive airways pressure (CPAP) treatment and compared with body mass index (BMI)-matched controls without OSA.Male patients (n=30) with OSA (apnoea/hypopnoea index=58 ¡ 16, BMI=32.6 ¡ 5.3 kg?m -2 ) underwent CPAP treatment. Fasting leptin and ghrelin were measured at baseline and 2 days, and in the case of leptin 2 months after initiation of treatment.Baseline plasma ghrelin levels were significantly higher in OSA patients than in controls. After 2 days of CPAP treatment, plasma ghrelin decreased in almost all OSA patients (n=9) to levels that were only slightly higher than those of controls (n=9). Leptin levels did not change significantly from baseline after 2 days of CPAP treatment, but were higher than in the control group. After 8 weeks, leptin levels decreased significantly, although the BMI of the patients showed no change. The decrease in leptin levels was more pronounced in patients with a BMI v30 kg?m -2 . These data indicate that the elevated leptin and ghrelin levels are not determined by obesity alone, since they rapidly decreased during continuous positive airways pressure therapy. Eur Respir J 2003; 22: 251-257 Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is a common disorder affecting 2-4% of the adult population [1]. OSA is strongly associated with obesity. In a recent study involving 773 patients with OSA, only 6.5% had a normal body mass index (BMI), while 75.2% were obese (BMIo30 kg?m -2 ) [2]. Patients with OSA appear to be more likely to put on weight than equally obese subjects without OSA [3]. The mechanisms underlying this phenomenon remain obscure. Recently, a number of authors have speculated that changes in serum leptin levels or leptin-receptor insensitivity may be involved in the pathogenesis of progressive obesity in patients with OSA [4]. Leptin has been found to reduce appetite and simultaneously to increase respiratory drive in an animal model [5,6]. In humans, the situation may be expected to be more complicated. In recent studies, fasting leptin levels in patients with OSA decreased after initiation of continuous positive airways pressure (CPAP) treatment [7,8]. However, those leptin measurements were performed on awake individuals in the morning, when the respiratory situation was normalised, so that any linkage between leptin levels and respiratory effects is difficult in this setting. Furthermore, leptin levels are influenced by a multitude of factors, such as sex, body weight [9,10], the presence of hypertension, or specific medications impacting on leptin levels. Diurnal and ultradian variations in serum leptin levels are further factors complicating profound insights concerning significant respiratory effects [11][12][13].However, the finding that a hormone like leptin is able to cover a variety of biological functions, beyond its well-investigated role for the regulation of body weight and energy expenditure, also prompted the present aut...

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“…In most in vitro and in vivo studies, glucocorticoids seem to upregulate leptin secretion and serum leptin levels (22)(23)(24). A minor inhibitory effect of dexamethasone (DEX) in a mouse cell line (14), as well as unchanged serum leptin levels after high doses of prednisolone given to healthy volunteers, have also been reported (25).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variations in glucocorticoid levels within the physiological range affect plasma leptin levels

Elimam¹,

Knutsson²,

Brönnegård³

et al. 1998

European Journal of Endocrinology

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Objective: Leptin, the obese gene product, is thought to regulate body fat through its action on hypothalamic receptors that influence satiety. The hormonal regulation of leptin is important, since it might affect adiposity. Leptin regulation in man is poorly understood. We studied the relation between endogenous cortisol and leptin levels as well as the acute and chronic effects of a low dose of dexamethasone (DEX) on plasma leptin levels in healthy male volunteers. Subjects and experimental protocol:The correlation between basal plasma levels of leptin and cortisol and the chronic effect of DEX treatment were studied in 12 subjects. Plasma leptin and cortisol levels were determined every other hour for 24 h, before and after 2 weeks of oral administration of 0.1 mg DEX twice daily. The acute effect was studied in 20 subjects, who received 1 mg DEX at 2300 h. Fasting blood samples were taken at 0800 h on the same day (i.e. before DEX) and on the day after. Results: Under basal conditions, we found a correlation between mean plasma levels of leptin and cortisol (r ¼ 0.7, P < 0.02). Mean plasma leptin levels had increased by 50% after 2 weeks of DEX treatment (P < 0.05). The circadian rhythm of leptin was preserved, but the night peak occurred 2.5 h earlier (P < 0.05). Fasting plasma leptin levels were 20% higher 9 h after 1 mg DEX orally than at the same time on the day before (P < 0.002). Conclusion: Physiological variations in cortisol are involved in the regulation of leptin. European Journal of Endocrinology 139 615-620

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Dexamethasone Induces an Acute and Sustained Rise in Circulating Leptin Levels in Normal Human Subjects

Cited by 165 publications

References 10 publications

The leptin hypothesis of depression: a potential link between mood disorders and obesity?

The leptin hypothesis of depression: a potential link between mood disorders and obesity?

Leptin and ghrelin levels in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea: effect of CPAP treatment

Variations in glucocorticoid levels within the physiological range affect plasma leptin levels

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