Dew formation reduction in global warming experiments and the potential consequences

Feng, Tianjiao; Zhang, Lixu; Chen, Qian; Ma, Zhijun; Wang, Hao; Shangguan, Zijian; Wang, Lixin; He, Jin‐Sheng

doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2020.125819

Cited by 17 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…Under these treatments, the amount of water reaching the soil ecosystem in the growing season decreases by up to 4 % for P and by up to 24 % for NRW. The observed decrease in NRW agrees well with Feng et al (2021), who showed that heating with an infrared heater system reduced dew formation for an alpine grassland ecosystem of the Tibetan Plateau by up to 91 %. Surprisingly, not only warming but also elevated CO 2 was found to alter the amount of NRW.…”

Section: Response Of Water Fluxes To Climatic Changessupporting

confidence: 89%

Response of water fluxes and biomass production to climate change in permanent grassland soil ecosystems

Forstner

Groh

Vremec

et al. 2021

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. Effects of climate change on the ecosystem productivity and water fluxes have been studied in various types of experiments. However, it is still largely unknown whether and how the experimental approach itself affects the results of such studies. We employed two contrasting experimental approaches, using high-precision weighable monolithic lysimeters, over a period of 4 years to identify and compare the responses of water fluxes and aboveground biomass to climate change in permanent grassland. The first, manipulative, approach is based on controlled increases of atmospheric CO2 concentration and surface temperature. The second, observational, approach uses data from a space-for-time substitution along a gradient of climatic conditions. The Budyko framework was used to identify if the soil ecosystem is energy limited or water limited. Elevated temperature reduced the amount of non-rainfall water, particularly during the growing season in both approaches. In energy-limited grassland ecosystems, elevated temperature increased the actual evapotranspiration and decreased aboveground biomass. As a consequence, elevated temperature led to decreasing seepage rates in energy-limited systems. Under water-limited conditions in dry periods, elevated temperature aggravated water stress and, thus, resulted in reduced actual evapotranspiration. The already small seepage rates of the drier soils remained almost unaffected under these conditions compared to soils under wetter conditions. Elevated atmospheric CO2 reduced both actual evapotranspiration and aboveground biomass in the manipulative experiment and, therefore, led to a clear increase and change in seasonality of seepage. As expected, the aboveground biomass productivity and ecosystem efficiency indicators of the water-limited ecosystems were negatively correlated with an increase in aridity, while the trend was unclear for the energy-limited ecosystems. In both experimental approaches, the responses of soil water fluxes and biomass production mainly depend on the ecosystems' status with respect to energy or water limitation. To thoroughly understand the ecosystem response to climate change and be able to identify tipping points, experiments need to embrace sufficiently extreme boundary conditions and explore responses to individual and multiple drivers, such as temperature, CO2 concentration, and precipitation, including non-rainfall water. In this regard, manipulative and observational climate change experiments complement one another and, thus, should be combined in the investigation of climate change effects on grassland.

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Section: Response Of Water Fluxes To Climatic Changessupporting

confidence: 89%

Response of water fluxes and biomass production to climate change in permanent grassland soil ecosystems

Forstner

Groh

Vremec

et al. 2021

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The chambers “trap” radiation causing the air temperature to increase. Although minimal warming occurs during cloudy weather or at night, the chambers warm air temperatures rather than canopy surface temperatures (as occurs with infrared heaters), and do not inhibit dew formation (Feng et al, 2021). Control plots were left uncovered.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Warming impacts on photosynthetic processes in dominant plant species in a subtropical forest

Aspinwall

Chieppa

Gray

et al. 2022

Physiologia Plantarum

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Climate warming could shift some subtropical regions to a tropical climate in the next 30 years. Yet, climate warming impacts on subtropical species and ecosystems remain unclear. We conducted a passive warming experiment in a subtropical forest in Florida, USA, to determine warming impacts on four species differing in their climatic distribution, growth form, and functional type: Serenoa repens (palm), Andropogon glomeratus (C4 grass), Pinus palustris (needled evergreen tree), and Quercus laevis (broadleaved deciduous tree). We hypothesized that warming would have neutral‐positive effects on photosynthetic processes in monocot species with warmer climatic distributions or adaptations to warmer temperatures, but negative effects on photosynthesis in tree species. We also hypothesized that periods of low soil moisture would alter photosynthetic responses to warming. In both monocot species, warming had no significant effect on net photosynthesis (A) or stomatal conductance (gs) measured at prevailing temperatures, or photosynthetic capacity measured at a common temperature. In P. palustris, warming reduced A (−15%) and gs (−28%), and caused small reductions in Rubisco carboxylation and RuBP regeneration. Warming had little effect on photosynthetic processes in Q. laevis. Interestingly, A. glomeratus showed little sensitivity to reduced soil moisture, and all C3 species reduced A and gs as soil moisture declined and did so consistently across temperature treatments. In subtropical forests of the southeastern US, we conclude that climate warming may have neutral or slightly positive effects on the performance of grasses and broadleaved species but negative effects on P. palustris seedlings, foreshadowing possible changes in community and ecosystem properties.

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“…Consequently, only daytime warming is achieved using this design with minimal warming occurring during cloudy weather, when radiation is limited, or at night. However, unlike infrared heaters, chambers warm air temperatures rather than canopy surface temperatures (e.g., De Boeck et al, 2012; Smith et al, 2020) and do not inhibit dew formation (Feng et al, 2021). In the event of a tropical storm, we removed the polyethylene film from the PVC frames so that chambers would not become airborne.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature acclimation of leaf respiration differs between marsh and mangrove vegetation in a coastal wetland ecotone

Sturchio

Chieppa

Chapman

et al. 2021

Global Change Biology

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Temperature acclimation of leaf respiration (R) is an important determinant of ecosystem responses to temperature and the magnitude of temperature‐CO2 feedbacks as climate warms. Yet, the extent to which temperature acclimation of R exhibits a common pattern across different growth conditions, ecosystems, and plant functional types remains unclear. Here, we measured the short‐term temperature response of R at six time points over a 10‐month period in two coastal wetland species (Avicennia germinans [C3 mangrove] and Spartina alterniflora [C4 marsh grass]) growing under ambient and experimentally warmed temperatures at two sites in a marsh–mangrove ecotone. Leaf nitrogen (N) was determined on a subsample of leaves to explore potential coupling of R and N. We hypothesized that both species would reduce R at 25°C (R25) and the short‐term temperature sensitivity of R (Q10) as air temperature (Tair) increased across seasons, but the decline would be stronger in Avicennia than in Spartina. For each species, we hypothesized that seasonal temperature acclimation of R would be equivalent in plants grown under ambient and warmed temperatures, demonstrating convergent acclimation. Surprisingly, Avicennia generally increased R25 with increasing growth temperature, although the Q10 declined as seasonal temperatures increased and did so consistently across sites and treatments. Weak temperature acclimation resulted in reduced homeostasis of R in Avicennia. Spartina reduced R25 and the Q10 as seasonal temperatures increased. In Spartina, seasonal temperature acclimation was largely consistent across sites and treatments resulting in greater respiratory homeostasis. We conclude that co‐occurring coastal wetland species may show contrasting patterns of respiratory temperature acclimation. Nonetheless, leaf N scaled positively with R25 in both species, highlighting the importance of leaf N in predicting respiratory capacity across a range of growth temperatures. The patterns of respiratory temperature acclimation shown here may improve the predictions of temperature controls of CO2 fluxes in coastal wetlands.

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Dew formation reduction in global warming experiments and the potential consequences

Cited by 17 publications

References 65 publications

Response of water fluxes and biomass production to climate change in permanent grassland soil ecosystems

Response of water fluxes and biomass production to climate change in permanent grassland soil ecosystems

Warming impacts on photosynthetic processes in dominant plant species in a subtropical forest

Temperature acclimation of leaf respiration differs between marsh and mangrove vegetation in a coastal wetland ecotone

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