Devonian antiarchs (Pisces, Antiarchi) from central and Southern European Russia

Moloshnikov, S. V.

doi:10.1134/s0031030108070010

Cited by 24 publications

(40 citation statements)

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“…Most placoderms have a single dorsal fin, although in the antiarch Remigolepis walkeri, it is absent (Johanson, 1997;Moloshnikov, 2008), and ptyctodontids have two dorsal fins. The antiarch Bothriolepis canadensis was originally described as having two dorsal fins (e.g., Patten, 1904;Stensiö, 1948), but later re-examinations of the material revealed that a single dorsal fin is present (Arsenault, Desbiens, Janvier, & Kerr, 2004;Béchard, Arsenault, Cloutier, & Kerr, 2014;Vézina, 1996).…”

Section: 'Placodermi'mentioning

confidence: 99%

A critical appraisal of appendage disparity and homology in fishes

2019

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Fishes are both extremely diverse and morphologically disparate. Part of this disparity can be observed in the numerous possible fin configurations that may differ in terms of the number of fins as well as fin shapes, sizes and relative positions on the body. Here, we thoroughly review the major patterns of disparity in fin configurations for each major group of fishes and discuss how median and paired fin homologies have been interpreted over time. When taking into account the entire span of fish diversity, including both extant and fossil taxa, the disparity in fin morphologies greatly complicates inferring homologies for individual fins. Given the phylogenetic scope of this review, structural and topological criteria appear to be the most useful indicators of fin identity. We further suggest that it may be advantageous to consider some of these fin homologies as nested within the larger framework of homologous fin‐forming morphogenetic fields. We also discuss scenarios of appendage evolution and suggest that modularity may have played a key role in appendage disparification. Fin modules re‐expressed within the boundaries of fin‐forming fields could explain how some fins may have evolved numerous times independently in separate lineages (e.g., adipose fin), or how new fins may have evolved over time (e.g., anterior and posterior dorsal fins, pectoral and pelvic fins). We favour an evolutionary scenario whereby median appendages appeared from a unique field of competence first positioned throughout the dorsal and ventral midlines, which was then redeployed laterally leading to paired appendages.

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Section: 'Placodermi'mentioning

confidence: 99%

A critical appraisal of appendage disparity and homology in fishes

2019

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“…Èçó ÷å íèå ñî áðàííî ãî ìà òå ðè à ëà ïî êà çà ëî, ÷òî ïî ðÿäó îñî áåí íîñòåé ñòðî å íèÿ ãî ëîâ íî ãî è òó ëî âèù íî ãî ïàí öè ðÿ B. heckeri áëè çîê ê Livnolepis zadonica (H.Obrucheva) è äîë aeåí ðàñ ñìàò ðè âàòü ñÿ â ñî ñòà âå ðîäà Livnolepis Moloshnikov, òàê êàê îò âå ÷à åò åãî äè àã íî çó [9]. Â ôà ìåí ñêèõ îò ëî aeå íè ÿõ Òâåð ñêîé îá ëàñ òè (Íå ëèäîâ ñêàÿ è Ðåä êèí ñêàÿ ñêâà aeè íû) ðà íåå óaeå áûëè âñòðå ÷å íû îñòàò êè ëèâ íî ëå ïè ñîâ [14,15]. Íèaeå ïðè âî äèò ñÿ ñðàâ íå íèå ìà òå ðè à ëà ïî B. heckeri èç áè ëîâ ñêîé (?)…”

Section: îáñóAe äå íèåunclassified

“…ñâè òà; ifc1 -âåð õíÿÿ èí ôðà îð áè òàëü íàÿ áî ðîç äà; ifc.b -çà äíÿÿ êî ñàÿ ãî ëîâ íàÿ ÿìî÷ íàÿ áî ðîç äà; nm -ãëàäêàÿ çà òû ëî÷ íàÿ ïî ëî ñà; npp -çà äíå ïè íå àëü íàÿ âû ðåç êà çà òû ëî÷ íîé êîñ òè; prh -ïðå îðáè òàëü íîå óãëóá ëå íèå ÷å ðåï íîé êðû øè; pr.po -ïå ðå äíå-áî êî âûå óãëû îò è êî-îêöè ïè òàëü íî ãî óãëóá ëå íèÿ; äëè íà ìàñ øòàá íîé ëè íåé êè 1 ñì ýê çåì ïëÿ ðå ¹ ÊÌÀ/ÍÂ/5178 íà çàëü íàÿ ïëàñ òè íà íå ñî õðà íè ëàñü, íî ïî ó÷àñ òêó å¸ ïðè êðåï ëå íèÿ ê ôà öè àëü íîé ïëàñ òè íå ìîae íî ïðåä ïî ëî aeèòü, ÷òî ïðå îðáè òàëü íîå óãëóá ëå íèå ÷å ðåï íîé êðû øè (prh), ñêî ðåå âñå ãî, áûëî êðóï íûì, êàê ó L. zadonica. Ñóäÿ ïî åãî ôîð ìå íà ïå ðå äíåé íå ïàð íîé è áî êîâîé êîñ òÿõ, B. heckeri, êàê è L. zadonica [15], îá ëàäàë ïðå îðáè òàëü íûì óãëóá ëå íè åì òðà ïå öè å âèä íîãî òèïà.…”

Section: îáñóAe äå íèåunclassified

Systematic Position of Antiarchs (Vertebrata, Placodermi) From the Famennian of Tver Region, Russia

Moloshnikov

Linkevich²

2017

Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedeniy. Geologiya i Razvedka

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New materials of the placoderm fish Bothriolepis heckeri Luksеvics from the Famennian of the Bilovo locality (Tver Region) are studied. This species is very similar to Livnolepis zadonica (H.Obrucheva) in the structure of cranial and postcranial armours and should be referred to the genus Livnolepis Moloshnikov. Morphoiogical simiiarities of these two species are discussed. Only bothriolepidids are really known in the Famennian of Tver Region. Data on the presence of asterolepidids (Asterolepis sp.) in the Middle Famennian need an additional evidence.

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“…The posterior process of head shield (prnm, see Young (1988): figs. 7B, 37C and 44A) in euantiarchs, also termed the 'nuchal process' or 'posterior median process' (Long & Werdelin, 1986;Moloshnikov, 2004;Moloshnikov, 2008;Moloshnikov, 2010), was first identified and named by Stensiö (1931: figs. 4, 9 and 12).…”

Section: Postorbital Cristamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the anatomical atlas of endocranium in antiarchs is poorly known, largely due to the absence of perichondral ossification (Denison, 1978). While the impressions on the overlying head shield help to restore the endocranial morphology to some extent (Stensiö, 1948;Denison, 1978;Moloshnikov, 2008), such as in Bothriolepididae (Stensiö, 1948;Young, 1984), Asterolepididae (Obruchev, 1933;Stensiö, 1969), and Minicrania lirouyii (Zhu & Janvier, 1996), little attention has been paid to character transformations of antiarch endocrania in lack of corresponding data from primitive antiarchs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Supplemental Information 1: Supplementary Text

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Background. Yunnanolepidoids constitute either the basal-most consecutive segments or the most primitive clade of antiarchs, a highly diversified jawed vertebrate group from the Silurian and Early Devonian periods. Although the general morphology of yunnanolepidoids is well established, their endocranial features remain largely unclear, thus hindering our further understanding of antiarch evolution, and early gnathostome evolution. Phymolepis cuifengshanensis, a yunnanolepidoid from the Early Devonian of southwestern China, is re-described in detail to reveal the information on endocranial anatomy and additional morphological data of head and trunk shields. Methods. We scanned the material of P. cuifengshanensis using high-resolution computed tomography a nd generated virtual restorations to show the internal morphology of its dermal shield. The dorsal aspect of endocranium in P. cuifengshanensis was therefore inferred. The phylogenetic analysis of antiarchs was conducted based on a revised and expanded dataset that incorporates ten new cranial characters. Results. The lateroventral fossa of trunk shield and Chang's apparatus arethree-dimensionally restored in P. cuifengshanensis. The canal that is positioned just anterior to the internal cavity of Chang's apparatus, probably corresponds to the rostrocaudal canal of euantiarchs. The endocranial morphology of P. cuifengshanensis corroborates a general pattern for yunnanolepidoids with additional characters distinguishing them from sinolepids and euantiarchs, such as a developed cranio-spinal process, an elongated endolymphatic duct, and a long occipital portion. Discussion. In light of new data from Phymolepis and Yunnanolepis, we summarized the morphology on the visceral surface of head shield in antiarchs, and formulated additional ten characters for the phylogenetic analysis. These cranial characters exhibit a high degree of morphological disparity between major subgroups of antiarchs, and highlight the endocranial character evolution in antiarchs.

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Devonian antiarchs (Pisces, Antiarchi) from central and Southern European Russia

Cited by 24 publications

References 20 publications

A critical appraisal of appendage disparity and homology in fishes

A critical appraisal of appendage disparity and homology in fishes

Systematic Position of Antiarchs (Vertebrata, Placodermi) From the Famennian of Tver Region, Russia

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