“…or by driving the axial rod into the substratum (Meier, Penrose, and Polak, 1979). Other investigators have suspended samplers from nonrigid wires or cords (Hester and Dendy, 1962;Fuilner, 1971;Wefring and Teed, 1980). Artificial substrates for collecting riverine benthic invertebrates may be placed on the riverbed (Beak, et aL, 1973; Gale and Thompson, 1974;Slack, et aL, 1986) or suspended in the water column (Mason, et aL, 1967;Anderson and Mason, 1968;Arthur and Horning, 1969;Fuilner, 1971;Mason, et al, 1973).…”