The molecular structures of the monomeric, pentacoordinated methylchloroniobium(V) compounds Me 3 NbCl 2 and Me 2 NbCl 3 have been determined by gas electron diffraction (GED) and Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations, and, for Me 3 NbCl 2 , by single crystal X-ray diffraction. Each of the molecules is found to have a heavy-atom skeleton in the form of a trigonal bipyramid (TBP) with Cl atoms in the axial positions, in accord with their vibrational spectra. The TBP is somewhat distorted in the case of Me 2 NbCl 3 with the two axial Nb-Cl bonds bent away from the equatorial, slightly shorter Nb-Cl bond. In the case of Me 3 NbCl 2 , moreover, the X-ray model suggests structural distortions away from the idealized C 3h geometry, in line with the results of quantum