In this paper, a fuzzy observer-based tracking control scheme is proposed for a class of strict-feedback uncertain nonlinear system with input saturation. To facilitate the fuzzy logic system (FLS) design, the original uncertain nonlinear system is transformed into an output feedback system firstly. Then, an adaptive state observer is constructed. In order to efficiently tackle the input saturation, an auxiliary system (AS) is introduced. Using the estimated states and AS, the dynamic surface control (DSC) strategy is developed based on backstepping method. Under the DSC scheme, the tracking control problem is reduced to optimal regulation problem of an affine system. Subsequently, an adaptive dynamic programming (ADP) based optimal control scheme is proposed. The stability of the overall system is guaranteed by Lyapunov theory. Finally, guidance simulation is made to confirm the effectiveness of the developed control method.