Deverra triradiata Hochst. ex Boiss. from the Northern Region of Saudi Arabia: Essential Oil Profiling, Plant Extracts and Biological Activities

Abstract

Devrra triradiata Hochst. ex Boiss is an occasional plant species in the Northern region of Saudi Arabia. The shrub is favored on sandy desert wadis, gypsaceous substrate, and sandy gravel desert. In folk medicine, the plant is used for many purposes; to relieve stomach pains, against intestinal parasites, and for the regulation of menstruation. The present study describes the chemical composition of the essential oils (EOs) of different plant parts of D. triradiata. In vivo and in vitro biological activities of plant extracts and essential oils were also studied. Phenylpropanoids, elemicin (flowers: 100%), dillapiole (Stems: 82.33%; and seeds: 82.61%), and apiol (roots: 72.16%) were identified as the major compounds. The highest antioxidant activity was recorded for the EOs of roots and stems (IC50 = 0.282 µg/mL and 0.706 µg/mL, respectively). For plant extracts, ethyl acetate showed the highest antioxidant activities (IC50 = 2.47 and 3.18 µg/mL). EOs showed high antifungal activity against yeasts with low azole susceptibilities (i.e., Malassezia spp. and Candida krusei). The MIC values of EOs ranged between 3.4 mg/mL and 56.4 mg/mL. The obtained results also showed phytotoxic potential of plant extracts both on the germination features of Triticum aestivum seeds and the vegetative growth of seedlings.

Composition and Biological Activity of the Essential Oils from Wild Horsemint, Yarrow, and Yampah from Subalpine Meadows in Southwestern Montana: Immunomodulatory Activity of Dillapiole

“…Dillapiole (see chemical structure in Figure 6 ) is a phenylpropanoid found in abundance in essential oils from Piper species, Deverra triradiata Hochst. ex Boiss, and in the early developmental stages of dill ( Anethum graveolens L.) [ 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 ]. It has been reported to exhibit bactericidal [ 45 ], fungicidal [ 46 ], antileishmanial [ 47 ], and gastroprotective activity [ 48 ].…”

Plant Essential Oil with Biological Activity (II)

“…Several studies have been also carried out on some important EOs from the Middle East region, especially Egypt and Saudia Arabia, as follows: (i) Eos of Jatropha intigrimma, J. roseae, and J. gossypifolia (Egypt), which was carried out by Gamal El-Din et al [4]; (ii) EO of Devrra triradiata (Saudi Arabia), carried out by Guetat et al [5]; (iii) EO of Acacia nilotica (Egypt), carried out by El Gendy et al [6]; (iv) EO of Thyme vulgaris (Egypt) carried out by Abd-Ellatif et al [7]; (v) EOs of six different cultivars of Citrus reticulata (Egypt), carried out by Fahmy et al [8]; and (vi) volatile EOs extracted from aerial parts of male and female ecospecies of Ochradenus arabicus (Saudi Arabia), carried out by Abd-ElGawad et al [9].…”