Développement des tourbières, changements environnementaux et action de l’Homme À l’Holocène moyen et récent en Europe occidentale : l’exemple de la prenarde-Pifoy dans le Massif Central français

Neolithic to Bronze Age (4850–3450 cal. BP) fire management of the Alpine Lower Engadine landscape (Switzerland) to establish pastures and cereal fields

“…6000 years ago, in the Middle Neolithic Period. The climatic or anthropogenic origin of peat bogs in mountainous areas is often discussed but hardly convincingly demonstrated (Blackford, 2000;Cubizolle et al, 2013). However, the establishment of the Saglias Bog prior to the first evidence of human presence in the vicinity (archaeologically and palynologically, see below) suggests that it originated from geomorphological alterations eventually because of changing climatic conditions.…”

The Late Quaternary flora, vegetation and landscape of the Massif Central (France) under climatic and anthropogenic constrains

“…In this context lots of geomorphological, palynological, diatomological, macrofossil, as well as palaeoecological studies were performed since the late 1990s by the research group of Hervé Cubizolle at the University of Saint-Etienne (France), thanks to the interdisciplinary environmental PIREN-Program ("Programme Interdisciplinaire de Recherches sur l'Environnement") of the French National Research Centre (CNRS), which since 2001 became the "Zone Atelier Loire". This research was also supported by the Regional Directorate of Cultural Affairs (DRAC), the AGES program ("Ancient Geomorphological Evo-lutionS of the Loire"), and the "Etablissement Public Loire" (Argant and Cubizolle, 2005;Cubizolle, 2005;Cubizolle et al, 2005Cubizolle et al, , 2012Cubizolle et al, , 2013Cubizolle et al, , 2014Cubizolle et al, , 2015Cubizolle et al, , 2016Serieyssol et al, 2011Serieyssol et al, , 2012Dendievel et al, 2015Dendievel et al, , 2019Dendievel et al, , 2020Fassion et al, 2015;Dendievel, 2017). In addition, substantial palaeoecological studies concerned the formerly neglected areas, such as the Morvan Mountains (Jouffroy-Bapicot, 2010; Jouffroy- Bapicot et al, 2008Bapicot et al, , 2013.…”

Diatoms in Paleoenvironmental Studies of Peatlands

“…On the other hand, abundant empirical evidence from paleoenvironmental studies in minerotrophic bogs shows acceptable concentrations of highly preserved frustules in high-latitude minerotrophic bogs in America (e.g., [51,53,56,59,74,75]), Asia (e.g., [76][77][78]), and Europe (e.g., [63,[79][80][81]), but also in Southern Europe, in several peatlands of the Aquitania Basin area [82], French Massif Central (France) [60,61,83,84], and Central Sredna Gora Mountains (Bulgaria) [85][86][87] (Table 1 and Figure 1). Exceptionally, peatlands at even lower latitudes in the Badda peak, of more than 4000 m altitude, of the high Ethiopian mountain have diatoms with a good state of conservation as to be used in paleoenvironmental studies [88].…”

“…However, the increase in agricultural activity between 2400 and 2000 years cal BP, as indicated by cereal and crop pollen records, led to an increase in nutrients in the wetland, causing drastic changes in the diatom community, with a decrease in diversity, a marked increase in meso-eutrophic diatoms (i.e., Cocconeis placentula, Fragilaria capucina, Staurosira construens, Fragilarioforma virescens, and Ulnaria ulna), and an increase in planktonic diatoms (i.e., Aulacoseira alpigena and A. distans) [84].…”