Developments on chemometric approaches to optimize and evaluate microextraction

Stalikas, Constantine D.; Fiamegos, Yiannis C.; Sakkas, Vasilios A.; Albanis, Triantafyllos A.

doi:10.1016/j.chroma.2008.11.060

Cited by 186 publications

(103 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…In recent years, increasing knowledge of the positive health effects of food polyphenols has prompted the need to develop new separation techniques for their extraction, fractionation and analysis [29,[32][33][34]. Many analytical methods have been described for determination of flavonols in wines.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A sensitive microextraction by packed sorbent-based methodology combined with ultra-high pressure liquid chromatography as a powerful technique for analysis of biologically active flavonols in wines

Silva

Gonçalves

Câmara

2012

Analytica Chimica Acta

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A sensitive microextraction by packed sorbent-based methodology combined with ultra-high pressure liquid chromatography as a powerful technique for analysis of biologically active flavonols in wines

Silva

Gonçalves

Câmara

2012

Analytica Chimica Acta

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“…Screening techniques, such as factorial designs, allow to select which factors are significant and at what levels. During the optimization response surface designs, including central composite design (CCD), are often applied to determine the optimal experimental conditions (Stalikas et al 2009). The latter approach in two steps has been used for organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls determination in human serum using SPME and GC/ECD (López et al 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of Solid-Phase Microextraction Procedure Coupled to GC-ECD for Triazole Fungicides Determination in Juice Samples

2010

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A solid-phase microextraction (SPME) procedure followed by gas chromatography electron capture detection (GC/ECD) for the determination of triazole residues was developed. An experimental design with two steps was done. Firstly, a 2 6−2 fractional factorial design for screening several experimental variables (fiber-coating type, extraction temperature, extraction time, stirring rate, desorption temperature, and desorption time) was done. After, a twofactor central composite design for optimizing, the experimental conditions were carried out. The chosen experimental conditions were: fiber, PDMS/DVB; extraction time, 45 min; extraction temperature, 60°C; desorption time, 3 min; desorption temperature, 260°C, and stirring speed, 500 rpm. Using those conditions the limits of detection obtained for tetraconazole, myclobutanil, and diniconazole were in the order of few μg L −1 in grape and apple liquid extracts. Recoveries were from 93.6% to 112.1%. Relative standard deviation ranged from 1.2% to 11.6% (apple) and 6.7 to 18.0% (grape). The method was applied to five grape samples and 13 apple samples collected in Navarra, Rioja, and Basque Country. Quantification was performed by the standard addition method. Three standard additions by duplicate covering adequate range concentration were used. Myclobutanil was found in three apple samples (110-122 μg L −1 ) and diniconazole in one grape sample (9.4 μg L −1 ).

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“…The special arrangement of the BBD levels allows the number of design points to increase at the same rate as the number of polynomial coefficients. The spherical nature of the BBD combined with the fact that the design is rotatable or nearly rotatable suggests that ample center runs should be used (Stalikas et al 2009). An advantage of BBD is that it does not contain combinations for which all factors are simultaneous at their highest or lowest levels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Ion-Imprinted Polymer Nanoparticles for Selective Trace Determination of Palladium Ions in Food and Environmental Samples with the Aid of Experimental Design Methodology

2014

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A solid phase extraction method using Pd 2+ ionimprinted polymer (Pd 2+ -IIP) nanoparticles combined with flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry (FAAS) was developed for the preconcentration and trace detection of palladium ions. The Pd 2+ -IIP nanoparticles were obtained by precipitation polymerization of 4-vinylpyridine (the functional monomer), ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (the cross-linker), 2,2′-azobisisobutyronitrile (the initiator), Eriochrome Cyanine R (the lead-binding ligand), and palladium ions (the template ion) in acetonitrile solution. The parameters affecting adsorption and desorption steps were optimized by a Box-Behnken design through response surface methodology. Three variables (pH value, extraction time, and amount of the synthesized IIP) were selected as the main factors affecting sorption step, while four variables (type of eluent, volume of the eluent, concentration of the eluent, and elution time) were selected for desorption step in the optimization study. The optimized values by this optimization method were 30 mg, 15 min, 6.0, HCl, 4.0 mL, 1.8 mol L -l HCl, and 14 min, for amount of polymer, retention time, pH of solution, type, volume, concentration of the eluent, and elution time, respectively. Under the optimized conditions, the detection limit for the proposed method was found to be 0.2 μg L −1 , while the relative standard deviation (RSD) for five replicate measurements was calculated to be <3 %. Finally, the introduced solid phase extraction technique was successfully applied for extraction and determination of Pd 2+ ions in food and environmental samples.

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Developments on chemometric approaches to optimize and evaluate microextraction

Cited by 186 publications

References 74 publications

A sensitive microextraction by packed sorbent-based methodology combined with ultra-high pressure liquid chromatography as a powerful technique for analysis of biologically active flavonols in wines

A sensitive microextraction by packed sorbent-based methodology combined with ultra-high pressure liquid chromatography as a powerful technique for analysis of biologically active flavonols in wines

Optimization of Solid-Phase Microextraction Procedure Coupled to GC-ECD for Triazole Fungicides Determination in Juice Samples

Application of Ion-Imprinted Polymer Nanoparticles for Selective Trace Determination of Palladium Ions in Food and Environmental Samples with the Aid of Experimental Design Methodology

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