Developments in wavelength division multiple access networking

Abstract

Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.The last few years have seen a growing interest in WDM for optical networks in order to increase capacity and overcome the electronic bottleneck. Alongside the improvement in WDM components there has been continuing development of WDMA networks. A large number of different WDMA strategies have been investigated in terms of both network architecture and the associated protocol requirements. This article identifies major themes and provides recent examples of experimental and theoretical developments which are anticipated to facilitate WDMA networking

Node placement algorithms for shuffle‐like packet‐switched networks with wavelength‐division multiplexing

“…Every packet generated by an upper layer protocol in the user is transferred into a buffer which is determined on the basis of its destination node address by the same rule as in procedure (2).…”

“…G j can be calculated by the following procedures (1) to (3), where C i is the number of the group whose members are placed on vertices in the i-th column, and the function bp, which is called in procedure (2), is a function with the arguments left and right that obtains C left+1 to C right−1 recursively when a column is successively selected, so that the interval between the columns with the numbers left and right is divided as evenly as possible. …”

“…In packet-switched networks with wavelength-division multiplexing [1][2][3], the logical topology is defined as a directed graph in which there exists a directed arc between two nodes if and only if the start node of the arc can transmit packets to the end node directly (without using other nodes as intermediate nodes) in a wavelength assignment pattern. Logical topologies are classified into two types.…”

Spectrum-Sliced Wavelength Division Multiplexed Systems with Optical Preamplifiers

“…However, in the context of access networks, using a conventional WDM source comprised of fixed wavelength lasers for different channels is cumbersome and expensive due to the large number of optical network units (ONUs) located in individual homes. This key problem is alleviated by introducing spectrum sliced WDM (SS-WDM) as a lower complexity and cost alternative [2] [3], which enables the realization of a colorless transmitter thus removing the burden of operating and administrating wavelengths with a consequential reduction in inventory cost.…”

Ring Resonators with Sagnac Loops for Photonic Processing in DWDM Backbone Networks

“…FILTER ARCHITECTURE and to which channel to tune its receiver [3], and for performance monitoring. They have also been used as filters…”