Developments in low level light therapy (LLLT) for dentistry

Carroll, James D.; Milward, Michael; Cooper, Paul R.; Hadis, Mohammed; Palin, William M.

doi:10.1016/j.dental.2014.02.006

Cited by 195 publications

(128 citation statements)

References 116 publications

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“…LLLT favors the hyperpolarized state, directly over primary nerve endings, that inhibits transmission of painful stimuli to central nervous system. 20 LLLT has significant and rapid effects in reducing the level of pain and inflammation mediators such as prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), interleukin 1 (IL1), tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2). 21 Finally, according to our findings and previous studies, it seems that other effective factors, complications, type and method of laser therapy need to be evaluated in Abbreviation: MMO, Maximum Mouth Opening future studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Low-Level Laser Therapy Effects After Extraction of Impacted Lower Third Molar Surgery

et al. 2017

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IntroductionThird molar surgery is almost one of the most frequent procedures performed by maxillofacial surgeons. The surgical trauma leads to post-operation complications such as pain, inflammation and trismus.1 About 3-5 hours following surgery, the pain reaches its maximum intensity and may last 2-3 days; and then diminishes within 7 days after surgery.2,3 Moreover, post-operative inflammation disappears 5-7 days after surgery. 4 It has been recommended to use local or systemic steroid and non-steroid anti-inflammatory therapy to reduce inflammation and relieve pain after molar surgery, but these drugs present some side effects, including gastrointestinal issues, systemic bleeding and allergic reactions.5 Several studies have demonstrated that laser therapy can accelerate cell and tissue reconstruction as well as relieve post-operative pain. 5,6 Laser therapy is an open research field. However, some studies have shown useful findings in treatment of dentin hypersensitivity, temporomandibular joint disorders, inferior alveolar nerve paraesthesia resulting from third molar surgery, sagittal osteotomy, trigeminal neuralgia, labial herpes, aphthous ulcers and post-chemotherapy and ray inflammation. [7][8][9][10][11][12] As there are conflicting findings regarding the effectiveness of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) and the importance of controlling third molar surgery's complications, this study aimed to assess the effect of LLLT on pain, swelling and maximum mouth opening in patients undergoing third molar surgery. In this study, we increased the number and variety of studied groups in order to reduce the error rate, in comparison to former researches. To eliminate the possible differences between several people in relevance to pain amount and also their reports on it, a bilateral surgery group was used to study the effects of LLLT on the post-operation pain and swelling. On the other hand, as maximum mouth The aim of this study was to assess the effect of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on pain, swelling and maximum mouth opening in patients undergoing third molar surgery. Methods: A prospective, randomized double-blind study was undertaken on 44 patients at the Dental School, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, in 2015. A lowlevel laser was randomly applied on one of the two sides after surgery of 15 patients. The experimental side received 18 J/cm 2 of energy density, wavelength of 980 nm, and output power of 1.8 W. On the control side, a hand-piece was applied intra-orally, but laser was not activated. In addition, in order to evaluate trismus, 13 patients were treated by unilateral laser therapy and 16 patients did not receive laser therapy at all. The laser was administered intraorally on two points of vestibular and lingual sides at 1 cm from the surgery site, and extraorally at the emergence of the masseter muscle, immediately after surgery, and repeated 24 hours later. The pain, swelling and maximum mouth opening (MMO) were compared between the two groups at 24 hours and a week after surger...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Low-Level Laser Therapy Effects After Extraction of Impacted Lower Third Molar Surgery

et al. 2017

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“…LLLT is known to have a biostimulatory effect on soft oral tissues [70,71]. In addition, LLLT seems to be able to stimulate the bone mineralization and production [72][73][74][75][76].…”

Section: Lllt For the Treatment Of Mronjmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of low-level light therapy in supportive care for patients with breast cancer: review of the literature

et al. 2016

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Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide, with an incidence of 1.7 million in 2012. Breast cancer and its treatments can bring along serious side effects such as fatigue, skin toxicity, lymphedema, pain, nausea, etc. These can substantially affect the patients' quality of life. Therefore, supportive care for breast cancer patients is an essential mainstay in the treatment. Low-level light therapy (LLLT) also named photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) has proven its efficiency in general medicine for already more than 40 years. It is a noninvasive treatment option used to stimulate wound healing and reduce inflammation, edema, and pain. LLLT is used in different medical settings ranging from dermatology, physiotherapy, and neurology to dentistry. Since the last twenty years, LLLT is becoming a new treatment modality in supportive care for breast cancer. For this review, all existing literature concerning the use of LLLT for breast cancer was used to provide evidence in the following domains: oral mucositis (OM), radiodermatitis (RD), lymphedema, chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN), and osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ). The findings of this review suggest that LLLT is a promising option for the management of breast cancer treatment-related side effects. However, it still remains important to define appropriate treatment and irradiation parameters for each condition in order to ensure the effectiveness of LLLT.

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“…It is believed that the light may be absorbed by chromophores in the cells (23), providing an increase in the activation of the cytochrome c oxidase pathway (6,16,20). This would generate an increase in the production of ATP and, consequently, induce cell proliferation (5,13). In the present study, the 2 J/cm 2 energy dose increased cell metabolism, as determined by SDH activity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

“…It may be suggested that the application of a red LED under specific parameters on the cavity walls immediately after the preparation of a dental cavity may stimulate the subjacent pulp cells, thus limiting the possible tissue damage caused during the restorative procedure. Based on previous scientific data (3,9), this irradiation may reduce the local inflammatory process (13) and attenuate the intensity of the pulp-originating pain, preventing possible post-operative discomfort.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Red LED Photobiomodulates the Metabolic Activity of Odontoblast-Like Cells

et al. 2016

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Phototherapy has been indicated as an adjunctive treatment for tissue repair, including the pulp tissue. However, there are no defined irradiation parameters, which is a great challenge to the clinical use of phototherapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of phototherapy with red LED on odontoblast-like MDPC-23 cells, using different parameter settings. Cells were seeded (10 4 cells/cm²), incubated for 12 h in complete DMEM and then the culture medium was replaced by DMEM supplemented with 0.5% FBS. After 12 h incubation, irradiations were performed (630±10 nm) using a LEDTable device with a 20 or 40 mW/cm² power density and 2 J/cm² energy dose. The cells were irradiated 1 or 3 times, at 1 min intervals. Non-irradiated cells served as control. The cells were evaluated for viability (MTT assay), total protein dosage (Lowry method) and number of viable cells (Trypan blue). The data (n=12 per group) were submitted to Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests (p=0.05). A single irradiation with 20 or 40 mW/cm² enhanced cell viability, which was negatively affected after 3 consecutive irradiations. Cells irradiated only once with 20 mW/cm² produced more proteins compared with those irradiated with 40 mW/cm². Reduction in the number of viable cells occurred only after 3 consecutive irradiations with 40 mW/cm². In conclusion, red LED was capable of biomodulating the metabolic activities of cultured MDPC-23 odontoblast-like cells. The best cell biostimulation was obtained when a single irradiation with 2 J/cm 2 energy dose and 20 mW/cm 2 power density was delivered to the pulp cells. R e d L E D P h o t o b i o m o d u l a t e s t h e M e t a b o l i c A c t i v i t

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Developments in low level light therapy (LLLT) for dentistry

Cited by 195 publications

References 116 publications

Assessment of Low-Level Laser Therapy Effects After Extraction of Impacted Lower Third Molar Surgery

Assessment of Low-Level Laser Therapy Effects After Extraction of Impacted Lower Third Molar Surgery

The use of low-level light therapy in supportive care for patients with breast cancer: review of the literature

Red LED Photobiomodulates the Metabolic Activity of Odontoblast-Like Cells

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