Developments and Applications of Functional Protein Microarrays

Abstract

Protein microarrays are crucial tools in the study of proteins in an unbiased, high-throughput manner, as they allow for characterization of up to thousands of individually purified proteins in parallel. The adaptability of this technology has enabled its use in a wide variety of applications, including the study of proteome-wide molecular interactions, analysis of post-translational modifications, identification of novel drug targets, and examination of pathogen-host interactions. In addition, the technology has also been shown to be useful in profiling antibody specificity, as well as in the discovery of novel biomarkers, especially for autoimmune diseases and cancers. In this review, we will summarize the developments that have been made in protein microarray technology in both in basic and translational research over the past decade. We will also introduce a novel membrane protein array, the GPCR-VirD array, and discuss the future directions of functional protein microarrays.

Current advances in the detection of COVID-19 and evaluation of the humoral response

“…These chips enable the study of hundreds and even thousands biochemical properties of different proteins in parallel with high-throughput. 172 Okba et al developed a microarray for the study of antibodies against the betacoronavirus proteins N, S1 domain and S. 149 Early this year, the authors adapted their assay to include SARS-CoV-2 in the analysis. 148 Their study results are extremely important for avoiding false-positive results, as most people have been in contact with 4 endemic human coronaviruses.…”

Macroporous Polymer Monoliths in Thin Layer Format

“…Microarray is a modern tool for parallel analysis and screening of multicomponent biological samples [97,98]. This technique is based on the specific recognition of biomolecule, presenting in the complex biological mixture, by complementary bioligand immobilized on the solid support and called also as probe.…”

The separation sciences, the front end to proteomics: An historical perspective

“…Antibodies [including nanobodies, single‐chain variable fragments (scFvs) and fragment antigen‐binding (Fab)‐fragments], proteins, peptides, aptamers (see below), or biological samples can be immobilized as targets. Three types of protein microarray have been described: functional, analytical, and reverse phase (Syu, Dunn, & Zhu, 2020). In reverse‐phase microarrays, complex biological samples are immobilized on the array and probed using affinity reagents for detection.…”