Developmentally regulated synthesis of p8, a stress-associated transcription cofactor, in diapause-destined embryos of Artemia franciscana

Qiu, Zhijun; MacRae, Thomas H.

doi:10.1379/csc-275.1

Cited by 37 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 56 publications

(72 reference statements)

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“…This is a nuclear DNA-binding protein, which is strongly activated in response to several stresses, and, on the basis of functional similarity to HMG-I/Y-like proteins, it has been suggested that p8 may be involved in transcription regulation (Encinar et al, 2001; Hoffmeister et al, 2002). It plays an important role in such a basic biological process as ontogeny and hence is involved in a variety of developmental processes, such as pancreatic development in rats (Mallo et al, 1997), temporal expression of the beta subunit of luteinizing hormone (LHB) during gonadotroph development in mice (Million Passe et al, 2008), and mediation of gene expression in the diapause-destined crustacean Artemia franciscana (Qiu and MacRae, 2007). …”

Section: Macrolidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biotic acts of antibiotics

Aminov¹

2013

Front. Microbiol.

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Biological functions of antibiotics are not limited to killing. The most likely function of antibiotics in natural microbial ecosystems is signaling. Does this signaling function of antibiotics also extend to the eukaryotic – in particular mammalian – cells? In this review, the host modulating properties of three classes of antibiotics (macrolides, tetracyclines, and β-lactams) will be briefly discussed. Antibiotics can be effective in treatment of a broad spectrum of diseases and pathological conditions other than those of infectious etiology and, in this capacity, may find widespread applications beyond the intended antimicrobial use. This use, however, should not compromise the primary function antibiotics are used for. The biological background for this inter-kingdom signaling is also discussed.

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Section: Macrolidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biotic acts of antibiotics

Aminov¹

2013

Front. Microbiol.

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“…In Artemia , various genes associated with response to environmental changes have been identified, such as BRCA1 , p8 , artemin , ArHsp21 , ArHsp22 , and p26 ( Qiu et al, 2007 ; Qiu and MacRae, 2008a , Qiu and MacRae, 2008b ; Liu et al, 2009 ; Dai et al, 2011 ; King et al, 2013 ; King et al, 2014 ; Zhou et al, 2014 ; Ye et al, 2017 ). Specifically, these genes have been related to the diapause reproductive mode, such as BRCA1 and p8 ( Qiu et al, 2007 ; Qiu and MacRae, 2007 ), and also with cyst resistance to stress, such as artemin ( King et al, 2014 ), SGEG ( Liu et al, 2009 ), Arp-CBP ( Wen-Ming et al, 2013 ), and SGEG 1 and SGEG 2 ( Dai et al, 2011 ). In the latter two cases, their function would be related to the formation of the chorion outer layer, which protects the encysted embryo from adverse environments ( Dai et al, 2011 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This gene encodes two peptides ( SGEG 1 and SGEG 2) secreted by the shell gland, which conform to the outer and inner layers of the chorion ( Dai et al, 2011 ). In the case of the genes related to cellular division, Qiu and MacRae (2007) described p8 gene, which presents increased expression one day postfertilization in diapause-destined embryos. This class of genes has also been associated with diapause in A. franciscana and is often upregulated, in this species ( BRCA1 and p8 ) ( Qiu et al, 2007 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Different Culture Conditions on Gene Expression Associated With Cyst Production in Populations of Artemia franciscana

Parraguéz

2022

Front. Genet.

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Artemia franciscana inhabits hypersaline environments in the Americas and has a well-adapted reproductive system that allows it to survive in these extreme conditions, represented by the production of diapause cysts (oviparous reproduction). This reproduction mode is controlled by numerous genes that are expressed in response to different environmental stressors, enabling this species to avoid population extinction. However, to date, the expression of these genes has not been sufficiently studied to clarify their levels in response to a combination of different environmental factors under controlled conditions. We analyzed the expression of eight genes related to oviparous reproduction (SGEG, Arp-CBP, artemin, BRCA1, p8, ArHsp21, ArHsp22, and p26) to determine their association with cyst production in two populations of A. franciscana with contrasting phenotypes, one with high (Barro Negro, BNE, Chile) and one with low (San Francisco Bay, SFB, United States) cyst production. Populations were cultured under controlled conditions of salinity (SAL, 35 and 75 ppt), photoperiod (PHO, 12L:12D and 24L:00D), iron concentration (IC, 0[Fe] and 5[Fe]), and microalgae diet (DIE; Dunaliella tertiolecta (DUN) and Tetraselmis suecica (TETRA)). Sixteen treatments were performed by combining the two conditions of each of the four factors. Data on nine reproductive parameters per female were recorded, including the percent of offspring encysted (%) (POE). The gene expression levels were analyzed by semiquantitative RT-PCR. The mean POE was significantly greater in BNE than in SFB (32.40 versus 12.74%, Mann–Whitney’s test, p < 0.05). Significantly upregulated expression of seven genes in BNE (more than twofold, p < 0.05) was observed in 38.28% of the treatments (e.g., DUN-75ppt-12L:12D-5[Fe] and TETRA-35ppt-12L:12D-5[Fe]). In SFB, seven genes showed significant differential expression, but most were downregulated in 29.69% of the treatments (e.g., DUN-75ppt-12L:12D-0[Fe] and DUN-75ppt-24L:00D-0[Fe]). Multiple regression analyses indicated that in BNE, five genes (SGEG, artemin, Arp-CBP, p8, and BRCA1) and three environmental factors (DIE, SAL, and IC) were important predictor variables for the POE response variable given that all of them were included in the highest-ranking models. In SFB, only two genes (ArHsp21 and artemin) and one environmental factor (SAL) were important explanatory variables in the highest-ranking models. It was concluded that the BNE population presented a characteristic gene expression pattern that differed from that of the SFB population. This pattern might be related to the marked oviparous reproduction of the BNE population. This gene expression pattern could be useful for monitoring the reproductive mode leading to diapause in Artemia and to assist with intensive cyst production in pond systems.

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“…By comparison, the knockdown of the stress-induced transcription factor p8 by RNAi causes approximately 50% of A. franciscana cysts to hatch prematurely by 36 h after release from females (King, 2013). p8 is developmentally regulated in Artemia embryos and progressively accumulates in the nuclei of encysted embryos (Qiu and MacRae, 2007;Lin et al, 2016). ArHsp40 may assist in the translocation of p8 or other transcription factors into nuclei, thereby promoting transcription of genes that arrest the cell cycle and depress metabolism, as occurs during diapause.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ArHsp40 and ArHsp40-2 contribute to stress tolerance and longevity in Artemia franciscana, but only ArHsp40 influences diapause entry

Rowarth

MacRae

2018

Journal of Experimental Biology

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Embryos of the crustacean develop either ovoviviparously or oviparously, yielding swimming larvae (nauplii) or encysted gastrulae (cysts), respectively. Nauplii moult several times and become adults whereas cysts enter diapause, a state of dormancy characterized by exceptionally low metabolism and high stress tolerance. Synthesis of molecular chaperones such as the J-domain proteins ArHsp40 and ArHsp40-2 occurs during embryo development and post-diapause growth of and they influence development and stress tolerance. To further investigate J-domain protein function, ArHsp40 and ArHsp40-2 were each knocked down by RNA interference. Reductions in ArHsp40 and ArHsp40-2 had no effect on adult survival, time to release of cysts and nauplii from females and first-brood size. However, knockdown of both J-domain proteins reduced the longevity and heat tolerance of nauplii, with the loss of ArHsp40 having a greater effect. The knockdown of ArHsp40, but not of ArHsp40-2, caused approximately 50% of cysts to abort diapause entry and hatch without exposure to an exogenous signal such as low temperature and/or desiccation. Cysts lacking ArHsp40 that entered diapause exhibited decreased stress tolerance as did cysts with reduced ArHsp40-2, the latter to a lesser degree. The longevity of nauplii hatching prematurely from cysts was less than for nauplii arising by other means. The results expand our understanding of Hsp40 function in stress tolerance and development, especially during diapause, and they provide the first example of a molecular chaperone that influences diapause entry.

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Developmentally regulated synthesis of p8, a stress-associated transcription cofactor, in diapause-destined embryos of Artemia franciscana

Cited by 37 publications

References 56 publications

Biotic acts of antibiotics

Biotic acts of antibiotics

Effect of Different Culture Conditions on Gene Expression Associated With Cyst Production in Populations of Artemia franciscana

ArHsp40 and ArHsp40-2 contribute to stress tolerance and longevity in Artemia franciscana, but only ArHsp40 influences diapause entry

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