Developmental trajectories of body mass index since childhood and health-related quality of life in young adulthood: Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study

Abstract

Purpose The association between long-term BMI changes since childhood and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in adulthood is still unclear. This study aimed to examine the association between identified BMI trajectories and HRQoL. Methods A population-based cohort of 1938 eligible children (3-18 years) and their parents have been repeatedly followed up for 18 years. Offspring BMI trajectories were identified using group-based trajectory models. HRQoL was evaluated in offspring aged 21-36 years using SF-12V2. Using quantile regression analysis, the associations of the identified BMI trajectories and HRQoL in young adulthood were examined. Results In males, persistent increasing overweight/obese group was negatively associated with 30th, 40th, 50th, and 60th percentiles of physical component summary (PCS) score distribution (β = − 2.60, p = 0.006; β = − 2.01, p = 0.005; β = − 1.86, p = 0.001; β = − 1.98, p = 0.009, respectively). A similar result was observed only in the 40th percentile of PCS distribution for the progressive overweight group (β = − 1.03, p = 0.022). In addition, the progressive overweight group in males showed a positive association with the upper tail of mental component summary (MCS) score distribution specifically for the 90th percentile (β = 1.15, p = 0.036). Regarding females, the current results indicated that the 90th percentile of MCS distributions was decreased in the persistent increasing overweight/obese group for females (β = − 1.83, p = 0.024). In addition, the progressive overweight group in females had a positive association with lower (30th and 40th) percentiles of PCS distribution (β = 1.29, p = 0.034, and β = 1.15, p = 0.030, respectively). Conclusion A sex-specific conditional association between developmental BMI trajectories from childhood and HRQoL in young adulthood was observed in physical and mental HRQoL.

Effectiveness of a practical multi-setting lifestyle intervention on the main BMI trajectories from childhood to young adulthood: A community-based trial

“…Although the second large subpopulation identified in our analysis was normal weight in childhood, it transitioned to overweight in young adulthood. In the previous study on the TLGS population, three BMI trajectories were identified as normal, overweight, and increasing overweight/obese [30]. However, the current study allowed us to differentiate two subgroups (ECOAO and ECO) from the previous increasing overweight/obese group with a larger sample size.…”

The effects of weight change from childhood to adulthood on depression and anxiety risk in adulthood: A systematic review

“…Participants were sampled from 14 different cohorts, with the Northern Finland 1966 Birth Cohort, 21,48 the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health cohort 41,45 and the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns cohort, 16,29 generating two publications each. Cohorts were from the United States ( n = 3), 35,41,45 the United Kingdom ( n = 3), 25,31,50 Finland ( n = 4), 16,21,29,48 Spain ( n = 1), 27 Canada ( n = 1), 44 Australia ( n = 2), 13,46 France ( n = 1), 39 and Iran ( n = 1) 23 . Most articles studied both men and women, except for three which exclusively sampled females 13,39,41 .…”

“…Eleven 13,16,21,31,35,41,44–46,48,50,53 defined weight change between two time points, and the remaining six 23,25,27,29,37,39 defined trajectories of weight change based on three or more repeated measures of weight. Two 29,37 of these articles modelled population‐average trajectories using generalized estimating equations, and four 23,25,27,39 articles modelled heterogenous person‐centered trajectories using growth mixture modelling 25 or group‐based trajectory modelling 23,27,39 …”

“…One study used hospital discharge records to assess hospitalization for anxiety and depression 29 . Two studies 23,44 measured mental health‐related quality of life using the 36‐item Short Form, and one 50 study measured psychological morbidity using the Malaise inventory.…”

“…Two 23,29 studies of moderate quality defined weight status trajectories based on the analysis of three of more repeated measures of BMI. A Finnish study 29 used generalized estimating equations (GEE) to estimate the population‐average trajectory of overweight (including obesity) during childhood and adolescence (3 to 18 years) but found no association with later hospitalization for depression or anxiety (18 to 52 years; RR: 0.7, 95% CI: 0.3, 1.4).…”