Developmental toxicity from exposure to various forms of mercury compounds in medaka fish (<i>Oryzias latipes</i>) embryos

Wang, Dong; Liu, Jie; Wei, Lixin; Yang, Juxiang; Chernick, Melissa

doi:10.7717/peerj.2282

Cited by 42 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Although essential metals such as Cr, Cu, and Zn are required at low concentrations to support healthy cellular processes, many can become toxic when they exceed threshold concentrations 4 , 5 . These effects may cause sublethal impacts in aquatic organisms such as delayed growth, reproductive impairment, and greater incidence of disease 6 , 7 and may have carcinogenic and neurotoxicological impacts for humans 8 . Most metals bioconcentrate and a few biomagnify in marine organisms once they enter the ocean 3 , 9 , 10 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metal concentrations in coastal sharks from The Bahamas with a focus on the Caribbean Reef shark

Shipley

Lee

Fisher

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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Over the last century anthropogenic activities have rapidly increased the influx of metals and metalloids entering the marine environment, which can bioaccumulate and biomagnify in marine top consumers. This may elicit sublethal effects on target organisms, having broad implications for human seafood consumers. We provide the first assessment of metal (Cd, Pb, Cr, Mn, Co, Cu, Zn, As, Ag, and THg) and metalloid (As) concentrations in the muscle tissue of coastal sharks from The Bahamas. A total of 36 individual sharks from six species were evaluated, spanning two regions/study areas, with a focus on the Caribbean reef shark (Carcharhinus perezi), and to a lesser extent the tiger shark (Galeocerdo cuvier). This is due their high relative abundance and ecological significance throughout coastal Bahamian and regional ecosystems. Caribbean reef sharks exhibited some of the highest metal concentrations compared to five other species, and peaks in the concentrations of Pb, Cr, Cu were observed as individuals reached sexual maturity. Observations were attributed to foraging on larger, more piscivorous prey, high longevity, as well a potential slowing rate of growth. We observed correlations between some metals, which are challenging to interpret but may be attributed to trophic level and ambient metal conditions. Our results provide the first account of metal concentrations in Bahamian sharks, suggesting individuals exhibit high concentrations which may potentially cause sublethal effects. Finally, these findings underscore the potential toxicity of shark meat and have significant implications for human consumers.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metal concentrations in coastal sharks from The Bahamas with a focus on the Caribbean Reef shark

Shipley

Lee

Fisher

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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“…Common heavy metal pollutants (e.g., Cd, Pb, Hg, etc.) show high affinity for thiol containing biomolecules (GSH and sulfhydryl proteins) and act as a catalyst in Fenton-type reactions, producing oxidative damage [ 23 ]. Since Th was present as an insoluble Th(OH) 4 in the exposure medium, the biological behavior of Th was probably different from those above mentioned heavy metals.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Speciation of Thorium on Toxic Effects to Green Algae Chlorella pyrenoidosa

Peng

Ding

et al. 2017

IJMS

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Thorium (Th) is a natural radioactive element present in the environment and has the potential to be used as a nuclear fuel. Relatively little is known about the influence and toxicity of Th in the environment. In the present study, the toxicity of Th to the green algae Chlorella pyrenoidosa (C. pyrenoidosa) was evaluated by algal growth inhibition, biochemical assays and morphologic observations. In the cultural medium (OECD TG 201), Th(NO3)4 was transformed to amorphous precipitation of Th(OH)4 due to hydrolysis. Th was toxic to C. pyrenoidosa, with a 96 h half maximum effective concentration (EC50) of 10.4 μM. Scanning electron microscopy shows that Th-containing aggregates were attached onto the surface of the algal cells, and transmission electron microscopy indicates the internalization of nano-sized Th precipitates and ultrastructural alterations of the algal cells. The heteroagglomeration between Th(OH)4 precipitation and alga cells and enhanced oxidative stress might play important roles in the toxicity of Th. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the toxicity of Th to algae with its chemical species in the exposure medium. This finding provides useful information on understanding the fate and toxicity of Th in the aquatic environment.

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“…Regarding the piezo microinjection method, researchers were concerned about the risk of mercury contamination during the injection using micropipettes 20 . The mercury vapor and mercury compounds are highly toxic, so the piezo method is very risky to operators and embryos 21,22 . And also, the electric or chemical activations were required immediately after the establishment of embryos 23 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Melatonin Protects Rabbit Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer (SCNT) Embryos from Electrofusion Damage

Shen

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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The study's objectives were to examine the effects of electrofusion on rabbit somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) embryos, and to test melatonin as a protective agent against electrofusion damage to SCNT embryos. The levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), the epigenetic state (H3K9me3), and the content of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-associated transcripts (IRE-1 and CHOP) were measured. Melatonin was added during the preimplantation development period. The total blastocyst cell numbers were counted, and the fragmentation rate and apoptotic index were determined and used to assess embryonic development. Electrofusion increased (1) ROS levels at the 1-, 2-, 4-, and 8-cell stages; (2) H3K9me3 levels at the 2-, 4-, and 8-cell stage; and (3) the expression of IRE-1 and CHOP at the 8-cell, 16-cell, morula, and blastocyst stages. The treatment of SCNT embryos with melatonin significantly reduced the level of ROS and H3K9me3, and the expression levels of IRE-1 and CHOP. This treatment also significantly reduced the fragmentation rate and apoptotic index of blastocysts and increased their total cell number. In conclusion, the electrofusion of rabbit SCNT embryos induced oxidative stress, disturbed the epigenetic state, and caused ER stress, while melatonin reduced this damage. Our findings are of signal importance for improving the efficiency of SCNT and for optimizing the application of electrical stimulation in other biomedical areas. open Scientific RepoRtS | (2020) 10:2186 | https://doi.

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Developmental toxicity from exposure to various forms of mercury compounds in medaka fish (Oryzias latipes) embryos

Cited by 42 publications

References 63 publications

Metal concentrations in coastal sharks from The Bahamas with a focus on the Caribbean Reef shark

Metal concentrations in coastal sharks from The Bahamas with a focus on the Caribbean Reef shark

Influence of Speciation of Thorium on Toxic Effects to Green Algae Chlorella pyrenoidosa

Melatonin Protects Rabbit Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer (SCNT) Embryos from Electrofusion Damage

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