Developmental study of photic evoked responses in premature infants

Umezaki, H; Morrell, Frank

doi:10.1016/0013-4694(70)90008-8

Cited by 64 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…A prominent summed VER to single flashes was recorded over the occipital area in all infants, and was similar in wave form and latency to that reported by others [5,11,16]. Infants without respiratory difficulty and less than 36 weeks postconception at the time of recording had VER's which were characterized by a prominent negative wave with a peak latency of 250-350 msec at the occipital area, frequently followed by a smaller positive and negative wave and an incon- stant late positive wave at 450-650 msec (Fig.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 85%

“…Neonatal neurologic reflexes, except those to visual stimuli, depend mainly upon structures other than cerebrum, and clinically are difficult to measure reliably. By contrast, visual evoked responses recorded from scalp EEG have been used to study quantitatively the bioelectric function and maturation of cerebral visual pathways in the neonate [4,8,16]. When summated by signal averagers, a visual evoked response (VER) to light flashes is consistently present in normal term and most premature infants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Visual Evoked Responses during Neonatal Respiratory Disorders in Low Birth Weight Infants

Graziani

Weitzman

1972

Pediatr Res

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual Evoked Responses during Neonatal Respiratory Disorders in Low Birth Weight Infants

Graziani

Weitzman

1972

Pediatr Res

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“…Similarly complex findings are reported for the traditional photic evoked response (PER). According to Umezaki and Morrell (1970), the amplitudes of PERs of most of the premature infants they studied were higher than those of older controls. However, while earlier latency components show amplitude reduction as a sign of maturation, later components show an amplitude increase (Engel, 1970;Engel & Benson, 1968;Engel & Milstein, 1971;Hrbek & Mares, 1964;Laget et al, 1977;Lodge, Armington, Bamrnet, Shanks, & Newcomb, 1969;Umezaki & Morrell, 1970;Watanabe et al, 1972).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Behavioral and Electrophysiological Evidence for Gestational Age Effects in Healthy Preterm and Fullterm Infants Studied Two Weeks after Expected Due Date

Duffy¹,

Als²,

McAnulty³

1990

Child Development

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We investigated the effects of gestational age at birth on behavioral and electrophysiological measures of 135 medically healthy infants, studied at 42 weeks postconception, and stratified into 3 groups--early-born preterms, 26-32 weeks (n = 55); middle-group preterms, 33-37 weeks (n = 43); and fullterms, 38-41 weeks (n = 37). Subjects were studied behaviorally with the Assessment of Preterm Infants' Behavior (APIB) and electrophysiologically with brain electrical activity mapping (BEAM). Fullterms showed significantly better behavioral function than both preterm groups. Less difference was found between the preterm groups. EEG spectral and photic evoked response were of significantly less amplitude for the preterms than the fullterms. Path analysis showed gestational age effects on behavioral (3 of 6) and electrophysiological (13 of 17) variables due to postnatal complications. We conclude that some differences attributable to gestational age at birth are explained by the cumulative effect of minor but unavoidable complications associated with premature birth. We speculate that remaining effects may result from developmentally inappropriate sensorimotor stimulation consequent to the premature experience of an extrauterine environment.

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“…which lasted approximately 20 min. (14,15,30) have been well described and found to reflect periphTin disc electrodes, 6 mm in diameter. were placed over the eral (auditory) and central (auditory and visual) maturation in median nerve at the wrist and near the axilla, over the insertion of addition to indicating pathologic changes.…”

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confidence: 95%

Short Latency Mechanically Evoked Peripheral Nerve and Somatosensory Potentials in Newborn Infants

1981

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Summarya 36-wk ~estational ape infant who was studied 4 days after birth.Mechanically evoked short-latency potentials were recorded from ten newborn infants ranging in gestational age from 36 to 42 wk and from a 3-month-old infant during natural sleep. Potentials were recorded from four electrode configurations: (1) over the peripheral nerve at the wrist: distal-proximal; (2) over the peripheral nerve at the axilla-deltoid insertion; (3) over the cervical spinal cord and cerebrum: Cn-F,,; and (4) over the cerebrum: C4-F,.. All subjects produced clear potentials from configurations 1, 2 and 3. Configuration 4 produced reliable potentials only in one newborn who was large for gestational age (42 wk) and the 3-month-old infant. ~v e r a~e peripheral nerve conduction velocities were 26 m/sec from wrist to axilla and 29 m/sec from axilla to neck. N o significant correlation was found between conceptional age and nerve conduction velocity. The application of this technique could allow lesion localization in peripheral as well as central portions of the somatosensory pathway of newborns.The &hod for kechanical stimulation and recordings has been described previously (21). and a number of modifications were made to accommodate the newborn population tested. In brief, subjects were tested immediately after feeding during spontaneous sleep. No monitoring of sleep stage was attempted because short latency components are independent of sleep stage (9). They were lying on a flat, padded surface, and the hand stimulated was supported by one examiner with the fingers taped to a flat board. Because of the subjects' small size. precautions against stimulusgenerated electrode movement artifacts were taken. Thus, care was taken that no other part of the hand was in touch with the supporting board. The surface on which subjects lay. the fingersupporting board, and the mechanical stimulator were placed on three separate stands. The stimulus was a 50-msec duration square electric pulse transduced by a moving coil vibrator. The vibrating tip had a 2 mm diameter hemispheric surface which. in the resting state. was ~e r~e n d i c u l a r to and iust in contact with the nail of the middle fi&e; Stimuli were delivered at a rate of 4/sec. The skin Sensory evoked potentials recorded by surface electrodes using temperature of the proximal Part of the fingers was measured and computer averaging have been utilized in the newborn nurseries. maintained at approximately 35°C throughout the recording sesAuditory ( I , 2, 18, 23, 25. 26, 28. 31) and visual evoked potentials sion. which lasted approximately 20 min. (14, 15, 30) have been well described and found to reflect periphTin disc electrodes, 6 mm in diameter. were placed over the eral (auditory) and central (auditory and visual) maturation in median nerve at the wrist and near the axilla, over the insertion of addition to indicating pathologic changes. Somatosensory evoked the deltoid muscle, over the second cervical vertebra (CII). over potentials in newborn infants have so far only been ob...

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Developmental study of photic evoked responses in premature infants

Cited by 64 publications

References 18 publications

Visual Evoked Responses during Neonatal Respiratory Disorders in Low Birth Weight Infants

Visual Evoked Responses during Neonatal Respiratory Disorders in Low Birth Weight Infants

Behavioral and Electrophysiological Evidence for Gestational Age Effects in Healthy Preterm and Fullterm Infants Studied Two Weeks after Expected Due Date

Short Latency Mechanically Evoked Peripheral Nerve and Somatosensory Potentials in Newborn Infants

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