Developmental quotient at 24 months and fatty acid composition of diet in early infancy: a follow up study

Agostoni, Carlo; Trojan, S; Bellù, Roberto; Riva, Enrica; Bruzzese, Maria Grazia; Giovannini, Marcello

doi:10.1136/adc.76.5.421

Cited by 151 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The influence of postnatal LCPUFA supply on cognitive function in term infants has been investigated in several supplementation studies (Agostoni et al, 1995(Agostoni et al, , 1997Auestad et al, 2001;Birch et al, 2000;Lucas et al, 1999;Makrides et al, 2000;Scott et al, 1998;Willatts et al, 1998a, b). Some randomized controlled LCPUFA trials in term infants younger than 12 months show a positive influence of dietary LCPUFA on cognitive function, as measured with different methods (Agostoni et al, 1995;Willatts et al, 1998a, b).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Only one study reported an influence of LCPUFA in infant nutrition on the Mental Development Index (MDI, Bayley Scales of Infant Development) at 18 months of age (Birch et al, 2000). Other studies at 6 or 12 months (Auestad et al, 2001), 18 months (Lucas et al, 1999) or 24 months of age (Agostoni et al, 1997;Makrides et al, 2000) did not find differences in cognitive function between dietary groups with or without LCPUFA. This summary of the literature suggests that the influence of dietary LCPUFA on cognitive function might be transient.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other studies, however, did not confirm this (Agostoni et al, 1997;Auestad et al, 1997Auestad et al, , 2001Lucas et al, 1999;Makrides et al, 2000). One study even found lower language developmental scores in infants receiving LCPUFA supplementation (Scott et al, 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

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Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids at birth and cognitive function at 7 y of age

et al. 2003

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Objective: During the central nervous system (CNS) growth spurt, rapid accretion of long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) takes place. This particularly concerns docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3) and arachidonic acid (AA, 20:4n-6), which are thought to play important roles in CNS development and function. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between cognitive performance at 7 y of age and LCPUFA levels in umbilical venous plasma phospholipids, representing the prenatal fatty acid availability, and in plasma phospholipids sampled at 7 y. Design: As part of a follow-up study, the cognitive performance of 306 children, born at term, was assessed at 7 y of age with the Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children. Backward stepwise regression analysis was used to study the relationship between the outcomes and LCPUFA status. Social class, maternal intelligence and parenting skills were included as covariables, among others. Results: Results show no significant association with either DHA or AA at birth and the cognitive performance at 7 y of age. The LCPUFA levels at 7 y were not associated with these outcomes either. Consistent with the literature, significant relationships were found between cognitive outcome measures and maternal education, maternal intelligence and the child's birthweight. Conclusions: In conclusion, our results do not provide evidence for a positive association between cognitive performance at 7 y and LCPUFA status at birth or at 7 y of age. Sponsorship: University Hospital Maastricht (Profileringsfonds: financial support) and Royal Numico, Wageningen, The Netherlands (blinded fatty acid analyses of the blood samples at follow-up).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids at birth and cognitive function at 7 y of age

et al. 2003

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“…Moreover, LC-PUFA of n-3 series influences positively the neurological development of preterm infants, including mental development (Agostoni, 1997;Willatts et al, 1998). It is known that LC-PUFA affects perception and cognitive functions in infancy, although the potential long-term effects in childhood have not been determined.…”

Section: Physiological and Clinical Effects Of Lc-pufa In Infancymentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in infant nutrition

2003

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Objective: To review briefly the influence of dietary long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) on tissue composition and functionality in early infancy. Moreover, the influences of LC-PUFA sources on plasma composition as well as the effects of these fatty acids on intestinal repair after malnutrition are discussed. Results: Human milk not only supplies essential fatty acids but also contains up to 2% of the total fatty acids as LC-PUFA, of which arachidonic acid (AA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are considered the most important. Plasma and erythrocyte levels of both AA and DHA are decreased in infants fed artificial standard milk formulae. However, the supplementation of formulae with these fatty acids in amounts close to that of human milk leads to tissue LC-PUFA patterns similar to those of breast-fed infants. However, the bioavailability of LC-PUFA depends on the typical LC-PUFA source; egg phospholipids increases both AA and DHA in plasma phospholipids and HDL more than a mixture of tuna and fungal triglycerides. Conclusions: Dietary LC-PUFA affects positively the growth and development of the infant and ameliorates the visual and cognitive functions, particularly in preterm infants. Likewise, LC-PUFA improves intestinal repair in severe protein-energy malnutrition; therefore, its qualitative and quantitative dietary supply should be considered.

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“…A small number of studies have examined the association between LC n-3 PUFA intake and visual acuity in infants (34)(35)(36) and reviews in this area support the positive role of LC n-3 PUFA in visual development of infants (37,38) . DHA supplementation has been found to positively affect the mental development of preterm infants (39)(40)(41) and rate of maternal supply of LC n-3 PUFA is thought to be influential in the subsequent cognitive development of the child, although consistent evidence is not available as there have only been a small number of studies. In a comparison of the mental development of children whose mothers were either supplemented with cod liver oil providing 1986 mg EPA + DHA/d or maize oil providing 4747 mg linoleic acid + 83 mg ALA/d from week 18 of pregnancy through to parturition eighty-four children completed a battery of cognitive tests (42) .…”

Section: Cardiovascular Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Postgraduate Symposium Long-chainn-3 PUFA: intakes in the UK and the potential of a chicken meat prototype to increase them

2009

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With the wide acceptance of the long-chain (LC)n-3 PUFA EPA and DHA as important nutrients playing a role in the amelioration of certain diseases, efforts to understand factors affecting intakes of these fatty acids along with potential strategies to increase them are vital. Widespread aversion to oil-rich fish, the richest natural source of EPA and DHA, highlights both the highly suboptimal current intakes in males and females across all age-groups and the critical need for an alternative supply of EPA and DHA. Poultry meat is a popular and versatile food eaten in large quantities relative to other meats and is open to increased LCn-3 PUFA content through manipulation of the chicken's diet to modify fatty acid deposition and therefore lipid composition of the edible tissues. It is therefore seen as a favourable prototype food for increasing human dietary supply of LCn-3 PUFA. Enrichment of chicken breast and leg tissue is well established using fish oil or fishmeal, but concerns about sustainability have led to recent consideration of algal biomass as an alternative source of LCn-3 PUFA. Further advances have also been made in the quality of the resulting meat, including achieving acceptable flavour and storage properties as well as understanding the impact of cooking on the retention of fatty acids. Based on these considerations it may be concluded that EPA- and DHA-enriched poultry meat has a very positive potential future in the food chain.

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Developmental quotient at 24 months and fatty acid composition of diet in early infancy: a follow up study

Cited by 151 publications

References 12 publications

Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids at birth and cognitive function at 7 y of age

Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids at birth and cognitive function at 7 y of age

Role of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in infant nutrition

Postgraduate Symposium Long-chainn-3 PUFA: intakes in the UK and the potential of a chicken meat prototype to increase them

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