Developmental patterns in the central nervous system of birds. V. Cerebral electrical activity, forebrain function and behavior in the chick at the time of hatching

EEG as a measure of developmental changes in the chicken brain

“…Of those studies using the EEG as a measure of the functional integrity of the chicken nervous system, a major interest has been to plot the embryonic development of the chicken brain. Thus, the first signs of recognizable forebrain EEG activity are observed around embryonic Day 13, EEG rhythms can be detected at embryonic Day 17, and a pattern that begins to look like posthatch EEG appears at embryonic Day 19 or 20 in preparation for hatching at Day 21 (Bakhuis & Bour, 1980;Corner & Bakhuis, 1969;Rogers, 1995). These descriptive data have provided a foundation for recent work which has used the EEG more specifically, for example, to monitor the development of epileptic activity in embryonic and newly hatched chicks (Guy et al, 1992;Guy, Fadlallah, Naquet, & Batini, 1995).…”

“…Research efforts have largely concerned the use of the EEG either as an indicator of the general integrity of the nervous system (Corner & Bakhuis, 1969;Muller & Scheich, 1986) or as a measure of specific brain states such as sleep cycles and other EEG rhythm defined states (Corner, Bakhuis, & van Wingerden, 1973;Ookawa & Gotoh, 1965;Ookawa & Takagi, 1968;Speciale, Correspondence to: M. Hunter Contract grant sponsor: University of Newcastle Contract grant number: RMC 280-1086 Nawaczyk, & Jouvet, 1976). Of those studies using the EEG as a measure of the functional integrity of the chicken nervous system, a major interest has been to plot the embryonic development of the chicken brain.…”

Neural systems underlying climax movements in the domestic chicken

“…3. ) Continuous electrical stimulation of the wing evoked a hatch-like phasic motility pattern in 4 of the Group IV chicks which had been prevented from emerging from the egg but which had finally stopped their struggling, owing to the temperature at which they were kept (see Corner & Bakhuis, 1969). Stimulus-ON led consistently to a typical 2-sec burst of struggle movements, repeated at fairly regular intervals (Fig.…”

“…A previous study of the neurological basis for hatching behavior in the chick (Corner & Bakhuis, 1969) indicated that an excitatory influence appears suddenly from the forebrain at that time, acting upon lower motor centers. The effect is to facilitate a stereotyped phasic motility pattern which had hitherto expressed itself only intermittently (Corner & Bot, 1967;Kovach, 1968;Peters, Vonderahe, and Schmid, 1965).…”

Propensity for paradoxical sleep following deprivation in rats of different age groups

“…For .instance, not only the human infant (see Hartmann, 1966), but kittens (Hartmann, 1966), infant monkeys (Berger & Meier, 1966;Meier & Berger, 1965), chicks (Corner & Bakhuis, 1969;Greenberg, Kelty, & Dewan, 1966), and lambs (Hartmann, 1966) exhibit more PS than do older members of the species. It can, therefore, be assumed that deprivation of PS (PSD) would be more disruptive to the young of a species and that the propensity for compensatory amounts of PS would be more in evidence in them than in older animals.…”