Developmental Origins of Endothelial Dysfunction: A Key Step in Cardiometabolic Disease

Torrens, Christopher; Clough, Geraldine F.; Hanson, Mark A.

doi:10.1002/9781444347319.ch3

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Deficits in vascular function, including at the level of the microvasculature, are strongly associated with birth weight (low and high) and later cardiovascular risk in infants, children and young adults born small or prematurely (Clough & Norman , Torrens et al . ), and maternal calorific intake and calorific composition have been shown to influence microvascular angiogenesis, vasculogenesis and barrier integrity and maturation of the foetal vascular system (Leach ). In addition, a number of studies describe the effects of maternal diet and other maternal stressors on uterine and umbilical blood flows and the size of the placental vascular bed and their potential to affect foetal vascularization, independent of offspring birth weight so confirming the critical role of the placenta in developmental programming (Redmer et al .…”

Section: Vascular Programming and Later Risk Of Cardiometabolic Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

The microvasculature: a target for nutritional programming and later risk of cardio‐metabolic disease

2013

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There is compelling evidence that microvascular deficits affecting multiple tissues and organs play an important role in the aetiopathogenesis of cardio-metabolic disease. Furthermore, both in humans and animal models, deficits in small vessel structure and function can be detected early, often before the onset of macrovascular disease and the development of end-organ damage that is common to hypertension and obesity-associated clinical disorders. This article considers the growing evidence for the negative impact of an adverse maternal diet on the long-term health of her child, and how this can result in a disadvantageous vascular phenotype that extends to the microvascular bed. We describe how structural and functional modifications in the offspring microcirculation during development may represent an important and additional risk determinant to increase susceptibility to the development of cardio-metabolic disease in adult life and consider the cell-signalling pathways associated with endothelial dysfunction that may be 'primed' by the maternal environment. Published studies were identified that reported outcomes related to the microcirculation, endothelium, maternal diet and vascular programming using NCBI PubMed.gov, MEDLINE and ISI Web of Science databases from 1980 until April 2013 using pre-specified search terms. Information extracted from over 230 original reports and review articles was critically evaluated by the authors for inclusion in this review.

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Section: Vascular Programming and Later Risk Of Cardiometabolic Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

The microvasculature: a target for nutritional programming and later risk of cardio‐metabolic disease

2013

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Early Developmental Conditioning of Later Health and Disease: Physiology or Pathophysiology?

Hanson

Gluckman

2014

Physiological Reviews

944

744

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Extensive experimental animal studies and epidemiological observations have shown that environmental influences during early development affect the risk of later pathophysiological processes associated with chronic, especially noncommunicable, disease (NCD). This field is recognized as the developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD). We discuss the extent to which DOHaD represents the result of the physiological processes of developmental plasticity, which may have potential adverse consequences in terms of NCD risk later, or whether it is the manifestation of pathophysiological processes acting in early life but only becoming apparent as disease later. We argue that the evidence suggests the former, through the operation of conditioning processes induced across the normal range of developmental environments, and we summarize current knowledge of the physiological processes involved. The adaptive pathway to later risk accords with current concepts in evolutionary developmental biology, especially those concerning parental effects. Outside the normal range, effects on development can result in nonadaptive processes, and we review their underlying mechanisms and consequences. New concepts concerning the underlying epigenetic and other mechanisms involved in both disruptive and nondisruptive pathways to disease are reviewed, including the evidence for transgenerational passage of risk from both maternal and paternal lines. These concepts have wider implications for understanding the causes and possible prevention of NCDs such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease, for broader social policy and for the increasing attention paid in public health to the lifecourse approach to NCD prevention.

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Developmental Origins of Endothelial Dysfunction: A Key Step in Cardiometabolic Disease

Cited by 2 publications

References 108 publications

The microvasculature: a target for nutritional programming and later risk of cardio‐metabolic disease

The microvasculature: a target for nutritional programming and later risk of cardio‐metabolic disease

Early Developmental Conditioning of Later Health and Disease: Physiology or Pathophysiology?

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