Developmental Level of Moral Judgment Influences Behavioral Patterns During Moral Decision-Making

Han, Hyemin; Dawson, Kelsie J.; Thoma, Stephen J.; Glenn, Andrea L.

doi:10.1080/00220973.2019.1574701

Cited by 15 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 43 publications

(55 reference statements)

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“…We employed the Behavioral DIT (bDIT), which is a shortened version of the original DIT more suitable for behavioral experiments and online studies, to examine participants' moral judgment development (Han, Dawson, Thoma, et al, 2020). The bDIT consists of three moral dilemmas, Heinz and the Drug, Escaped Prisoner, and Newspaper, and the overall organization is similar to that of the original DIT.…”

Section: Behavioral Defining Issues Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Improved model exploration for the relationship between moral foundations and moral judgment development using Bayesian Model Averaging

Han

Dawson

2021

Journal of Moral Education

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Although some previous studies have investigated the relationship between moral foundations and moral judgment development, the methods used have not been able to fully explore the relationship. In the present study, we used Bayesian Model Averaging (BMA) in order to address the limitations in traditional regression methods that have been used previously.Results showed consistency with previous findings that binding foundations are negatively correlated with post-conventional moral reasoning and positively correlated with maintaining norms and personal interest schemas. In addition to previous studies, our results showed a positive correlation for individualizing foundations and post-conventional moral reasoning.Implications are discussed as well as a detailed explanation of the novel BMA method in order to allow others in the field of moral education to be able to use it in their own studies.

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Section: Behavioral Defining Issues Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The DIT quantifies one's likelihood to utilize each of PC, MN, and PI schemas in moral dilemma solving. Particularly, the PC schema score, the P-score, has been used as an index for the development of PC reasoning (Han, Dawson, Thoma, & Glenn, 2020).…”

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confidence: 99%

Improved model exploration for the relationship between moral foundations and moral judgment development using Bayesian Model Averaging

Han

Dawson

2021

Journal of Moral Education

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“…Although van den Enden, Boom, Brugman, and Thoma reported results that supported the developmental structure of the DIT, they assumed that each level or each stage exists independent from the others. Another recent study tested the differential item functioning of the behavioral DIT [18], a revised version of the DIT that was designed for use in behavioral experiments [19]. As in the first study, the authors also assumed that the three schemas exist in the model as three independent factors.…”

Section: The Defining Issues Test-2 (Dit-2)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Validity study using factor analyses on the Defining Issues Test-2 in undergraduate populations

et al. 2020

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Introduction The Defining Issues Test (DIT) aimed to measure one's moral judgment development in terms of moral reasoning. The Neo-Kohlbergian approach, which is an elaboration of Kohlbergian theory, focuses on the continuous development of postconventional moral reasoning, which constitutes the theoretical basis of the DIT. However, very few studies have directly tested the internal structure of the DIT, which would indicate its construct validity. Objectives Using the DIT-2, a later revision of the DIT, we examined whether a bi-factor model or 3-factor CFA model showed a better model fit. The Neo-Kohlbergian theory of moral judgment development, which constitutes the theoretical basis for the DIT-2, proposes that moral judgment development occurs continuously and that it can be better explained with a softstage model. Given these assertions, we assumed that the bi-factor model, which considers the Schema-General Moral Judgment (SGMJ), might be more consistent with Neo-Kohlbergian theory. Methods We analyzed a large dataset collected from undergraduate students. We performed confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) via weighted least squares. A 3-factor CFA based on the DIT-2 manual and a bi-factor model were compared for model fit. The three factors in the 3-factor CFA were labeled as moral development schemas in Neo-Kohlbergian theory (i.e., personal interests, maintaining norms, and postconventional schemas). The bi-factor model included the SGMJ in addition to the three factors. Results In general, the bi-factor model showed a better model fit compared with the 3-factor CFA model although both models reported acceptable model fit indices.

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“…For each question, participants were asked to select the most important philosophical criterion among three options. One option represented the PI schema, one the MN schema, and one the PC schema (see Han, Dawson, Thoma, & Glenn (2019) and its supplementary materials for further details about how questions and criterion were imported from the original DIT-1). A P-score (in percentage) was calculated from how many PC schema options were selected out of 24 questions.…”

Section: Behavioral Ditmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The bDIT was developed by simplifying the DIT-1 format to address the aforementioned issues (Han, Dawson, Thoma, & Glenn, 2019). It was designed to be suitable for experiments assessing participants' behavioural responses, such as reaction time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring Moral Reasoning using Moral Dilemmas: Evaluating Reliability, Validity, and Differential Item Functioning of the Behavioral Defining Issues Test (bDIT)

Choi¹,

Han²,

Dawson³

2019

Preprint

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We evaluated the reliability, validity, and differential item functioning (DIF) of a shorter version of the Defining Issues Test-1 (DIT-1), the behavioral DIT (bDIT), measuring the development of moral reasoning. 353 college students (81 males, 271 females, 1 not reported; age M = 18.64 years, SD = 1.20 years) who were taking introductory psychology classes at a public University in a suburb area in the Southern United States participated in the present study. First, we examined the reliability of the bDIT using Cronbach’s α and its concurrent validity with the original DIT-1 using disattenuated correlation. Second, we compared the test duration between the two measures. Third, we tested the DIF of each question between males and females. Findings reported that first, the bDIT showed acceptable reliability and good concurrent validity. Second, the test duration could be significantly shortened by employing the bDIT. Third, DIF results indicated that the bDIT items did not favour any gender. Practical implications of the present study based on the reported findings are discussed.

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Developmental Level of Moral Judgment Influences Behavioral Patterns During Moral Decision-Making

Cited by 15 publications

References 43 publications

Improved model exploration for the relationship between moral foundations and moral judgment development using Bayesian Model Averaging

Improved model exploration for the relationship between moral foundations and moral judgment development using Bayesian Model Averaging

Validity study using factor analyses on the Defining Issues Test-2 in undergraduate populations

Measuring Moral Reasoning using Moral Dilemmas: Evaluating Reliability, Validity, and Differential Item Functioning of the Behavioral Defining Issues Test (bDIT)

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