Developmental exposure to triclosan and benzophenone-2 causes morphological alterations in zebrafish (Danio rerio) thyroid follicles and eyes

Kraft, Maximilian; Gölz, Lisa; Rinderknecht, Maximilian; Koegst, Johannes; Braunbeck, Thomas; Baumann, Lisa

doi:10.1007/s11356-022-24531-2

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…The aim of the present study was to complement previous research and ongoing work on TH system disruption and its effects on zebrafish eye development (Baumann et al, 2016, 2019; Gölz et al, 2022; Holbech et al, 2020; Kraft et al, 2023). The results indicate that different modes of action of THSDCs disrupt zebrafish eye development at different biological levels and in different ways.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…This transgenic line expresses a membrane version of the red fluorescent protein mCherry in the thyroid follicles through the thyroglobulin (tg) gene (Opitz et al, 2012), the main precursor of THs. The transgenic line can thus be used to screen chemicals for their potential to disrupt thyroid function in embryonic stages (Jarque et al, 2018; Kraft et al, 2023). The present study used it as a tool to screen for specific effects of THSDCs with respect to morphological changes in thyroid follicles in 5 days postfertilization (dpf) embryos.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reversibility of Thyroid Hormone System–Disrupting Effects on Eye and Thyroid Follicle Development in Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Embryos

Pannetier

Poulsen

Gölz

et al. 2023

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Early vertebrate development is partially regulated by thyroid hormones (THs). Environmental pollutants that interact with the TH system (TH system–disrupting chemicals [THSDCs]) can have massively disrupting effects on this essential phase. Eye development of fish is directly regulated by THs and can, therefore, be used as a thyroid‐related endpoint in endocrine disruptor testing. To evaluate the effects of THSDC‐induced eye malformations during early development, zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos were exposed for 5 days postfertilization (dpf) to either propylthiouracil, a TH synthesis inhibitor, or tetrabromobisphenol A, which interacts with TH receptors. Subsequently, one half of the embryos were exposed further to the THSDCs until 8 dpf, while the other half of the embryos were raised in clean water for 3 days to check for reversibility of effects. Continued THSDC exposure altered eye size and pigmentation and induced changes in the cellular structure of the retina. This correlated with morphological alterations of thyroid follicles as revealed by use of a transgenic zebrafish line. Interestingly, effects were partly reversible after a recovery period as short as 3 days. Results are consistent with changes in TH levels measured in different tissues of the embryos, for example, in the eyes. The results show that eye development in zebrafish embryos is very sensitive to THSDC treatment but able to recover quickly from early exposure by effective repair mechanisms. Environ Toxicol Chem 2023;42:1276–1292. © 2023 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reversibility of Thyroid Hormone System–Disrupting Effects on Eye and Thyroid Follicle Development in Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Embryos

Pannetier

Poulsen

Gölz

et al. 2023

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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“…A series of histopathological anomalies in the eye of zebrash larvae exposed to micropollutants were reported. 50,93 Apoptosis induced by toxicants is the potential reason for structural changes in the eye of zebrash. 61 During eye development, apoptotic death of the eye occurs through the casp3 gene regulation pathway.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental toxicity of the emerging contaminant cyclophosphamide and the integrated biomarker response (IBRv2) in zebrafish

Hema¹,

Krishnan²,

Ramesh³

et al. 2023

Environ. Sci.: Processes Impacts

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“…In five-day-old zebrafish embryos, histopathology of thyroid follicles remains difficult due to size limitations in such an early developmental stage. This size restriction, however, can be overcome by the use of transgenic zebrafish strains (Opitz et al, 2012), which is currently under development for potential use in OECD TGs (Kraft et al, 2023) or by immunostaining of the follicles (Rehberger et al, 2018).…”

Section: Thyroid Follicle Histopathologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of the integrated fish endocrine disruptor test—Part B: Implementation of thyroid‐related endpoints

Gölz,

Pannetier,

Fagundes

et al. 2023

Integr Envir Assess & Manag

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Given the vital role of thyroid hormones (THs) in vertebrate development, it is essential to identify chemicals that interfere with the TH system. Whereas, among non‐mammalian laboratory animals, fish are the most frequently utilized test species in endocrine disruptor research, e.g. in guidelines for the detection of effects on the sex hormone system, there is no test guideline (TG) using fish as models for thyroid‐related effects; rather, amphibians are being used. Therefore, the goal of the present project was to integrate thyroid‐related endpoints for fish into a test protocol combining OECD TGs 229 (Fish Short‐Term Reproduction Assay) and 234 (Fish Sexual Development Test). The resulting “integrated Fish Endocrine Disruption Test” (iFEDT) was designed as a comprehensive approach to cover sexual differentiation, early development and reproduction and to be able to identify disruption not only of the sexual/reproductive, but also the TH system. Two 85 d exposure tests were performed using different well‐studied endocrine disruptors: propylthiouracil (PTU) and 17α‐ethinylestradiol (EE2). Whereas the companion part A of this study (Pannetier et al., 2023a) presents the findings on effects by PTU and EE2 on endpoints established in existing TGs, the present part B discusses effects on novel thyroid‐related endpoints such as TH levels, thyroid follicle histopathology as well as eye development. PTU induced a massive proliferation of thyroid follicles in any life‐stage, and histopathological changes of the eyes proved to be highly sensitive for TH system disruption especially in younger life‐stages. For measurement of THs, further methodological development is required. EE2 not only showed the well‐known disruption of the hypothalamic‐pituitary‐gonadal axis, but also induced effects on thyroid follicles in adult zebrafish (Danio rerio) exposed to higher EE2 concentrations, suggesting crosstalk between endocrine axes. The novel iFEDT has thus proven capable of simultaneously capturing endocrine disruption of both the steroid and thyroid endocrine systems.

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Developmental exposure to triclosan and benzophenone-2 causes morphological alterations in zebrafish (Danio rerio) thyroid follicles and eyes

Cited by 9 publications

References 70 publications

Reversibility of Thyroid Hormone System–Disrupting Effects on Eye and Thyroid Follicle Development in Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Embryos

Reversibility of Thyroid Hormone System–Disrupting Effects on Eye and Thyroid Follicle Development in Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Embryos

Developmental toxicity of the emerging contaminant cyclophosphamide and the integrated biomarker response (IBRv2) in zebrafish

Development of the integrated fish endocrine disruptor test—Part B: Implementation of thyroid‐related endpoints

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