Developmental differences in myocardial protection in response to 5′-nucleotidase inhibition

Ak, Pridjian; El, Bove; Sf, Bolling; Kf, Childs; Km, Brosamer; Fm, Lupinetti

doi:10.1016/s0022-5223(94)70098-2

Cited by 23 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…It prevents the evolution of future metabolic chains that have potential hazards, while preserving the energy stores, which will be required at the time of reperfusion. This shows us that Ptx could be used during cardiopulmonary bypass for the purpose of protecting the myocardium 2,8‐10,15 . Ptx also inhibits the production of proinflammatory cytokines, have antiinflammatory properties, and decreases tissue injury by exerting its effect at different steps of this metabolic chain, 2 so that measuring the IL‐6, IL‐8, TNF‐α are parameters of inflammation and I/R injury 9,10,22‐26 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Newborns and children tolerate cardiac I/R injury much better than adults 2 . In the immature heart, the energy stores are enough after ischemic period because there is a low activity of 5′‐nucleotidase (5′‐NT) 3‐5 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the adult heart, the enzyme 5′‐NT catalyzes the degradation of adenosine monophospate (AMP) and inosine monoposphate (IMP) nucleotides into their precursors 6,7 . Pentoxifylline (Ptx) avoids dephosphorylazation of AMP to adenosine and IMP to inosine via inhibition of 5′‐NT 2 . Ptx also decreases the production of proinflammatory cytokines, have antiinflammatory properties, and decreases tissue injury by exerting its effect at different steps of this metabolic chain interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), interleukin‐8 (IL‐8), and tumor necrotisis factor‐α (TNF‐α) appear as a reason of inflammatory response which are also the early parameters for detecting the I/R injury 2,8‐10 .…”

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confidence: 99%

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The Effects of Pentoxifylline on the Myocardial Inflammation and Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury During Cardiopulmonary Bypass

Üstünsoy¹,

Sivrikoz

Tarakçıoğlu³

et al. 2006

J Cardiac Surgery

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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The Effects of Pentoxifylline on the Myocardial Inflammation and Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury During Cardiopulmonary Bypass

Üstünsoy¹,

Sivrikoz

Tarakçıoğlu³

et al. 2006

J Cardiac Surgery

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“…Furthermore, adenosine‐receptors vary in structure and distribution among species, especially the A3‐receptors (64). The age of the animals may play a role, as neonatal hearts have lower activity of the enzyme 5′NT and hence, lower release of endogenous adenosine (14, 65, 66). Some investigators have found increased release of adenosine during receptor blockade, which would underestimate the effect of endogenous adenosine (67).…”

Section: Adenosine and Cardioprotection During Ischaemia And Reperfusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adenosine and cardioprotection during ischaemia and reperfusion – an overview

Sommerschild

Kirkebøen

2000

Acta Anaesthesiol Scand

108

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Adenosine is a local hormone, with numerous tissue-specific biological functions. In the myocardium, adenosine is released in small amounts at constant basal rate during normoxia. During ischaemia the production of adenosine increases several fold due to breakdown of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Increased production of adenosine causes coronary vasodilatation. Thus, adenosine couples myocardial metabolism and flow during ischaemia and is called a homeostatic or "retaliatory metabolite". Furthermore, adenosine has electrophysiological effects in supraventricular tissue, causing a decrease in heart rate. In 1985 it was discovered that adenosine also exerts cardioprotective effects directly on cardiomyocytes. The aim of this review is to give an overview of the role of adenosine as a directly cytoprotective agent during myocardial ischaemia and reperfusion. We will focus on its effects on the myocytes, elicited by stimulation of adenosine receptors in sarcolemma, which triggers intracellular signalling systems. We will also address the new aspect that adenosine can influence regulation of gene expression. There is evidence that the myocardium is capable of endogenous adaptation in response to ischaemia, namely "hibernation" and early and late phases of "preconditioning". Endogenous substances produced during ischaemia probably trigger these responses. We will discuss the role of adenosine in these different settings. Adenosine can be given exogenously through intravasal routes; however, this review will also focus on the effects of endogenously produced adenosine. We will discuss pharmacological ways to increase endogenous levels of adenosine, and the effects of such interventions during ischaemia and reperfusion. Finally, we will review results from studies in humans together with relevant experimental studies, and indicate potential therapeutic implications of adenosine.

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“…*Ptx also inhibits the production of pro-in£ammatory cytokines and have anti-in£ammatory properties. Ptx decreases tissue injury by exerting its e¡ect at di¡erent steps of this metabolic chain (2). Our aim was to investigate these e¡ects of Ptx on lungs during cardiopulmonary bypass.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokines with pentoxifylline in the cardiopulmunary bypass lung

Üstünsoy¹,

Sivrikoz²,

Bakir³

et al. 2002

Respiratory Medicine

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In addition to preventing tissue energy loss during cardiopulmonary bypass, pentoxifylline (Ptx) prevents the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines as well. The aim of this study was to investigate whether Ptx decreases the inflammatory effects of cardiopulmonary bypass on the lungs during open-heart surgery. The patients in the study group (n = 15) who were going through an open-heart surgery had 500 mg l(-1) of Ptx added to their prime solution, whereas the patients in the control group (n = 10) only received prime solution. Pre-pump and post-pump blood samples were obtained from both groups and assayed for interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8) and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha). Lung tissue samples that were obtained after the pump were examined with light microscopy and stained for tissueTNFalpha. Non-parametric Wilcoxon test was utilized for statistical evaluation. In the post-pump period, the difference in the IL-6, IL-8 and TNFalpha levels of the two groups was found to be statistically significant (P<0.005). The tissue samples from the control group had significant staining with TNFalpha. We think that Ptx has important protective effects on the lungs during cardiopulmonary bypass.

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Developmental differences in myocardial protection in response to 5′-nucleotidase inhibition

Cited by 23 publications

References 14 publications

The Effects of Pentoxifylline on the Myocardial Inflammation and Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury During Cardiopulmonary Bypass

The Effects of Pentoxifylline on the Myocardial Inflammation and Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury During Cardiopulmonary Bypass

Adenosine and cardioprotection during ischaemia and reperfusion – an overview

The inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokines with pentoxifylline in the cardiopulmunary bypass lung

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