Developmental cognitive neuroscience: progress and potential

Munakata, Yuko; Casey, B. J.; Diamond, Adele

doi:10.1016/j.tics.2004.01.005

Cited by 111 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…Dopaminergic input has been suggested to contribute to RGC receptive field organization in animals (for review, see Witkovsky, 2004). In addition, in children with phenylketonuria who experienced very high phenylalanine levels in the first postnatal days, and who should therefore have particularly low levels of dopamine in the retina, visual acuity is lower than in normal ones (Munakata et al, 2004). Furthermore, a reduction in retinal dopamine, as occurs in parkinsonian patients, results in reduced retinal spatial resolution (Peppe et al, 1998).…”

Section: Role Of Dopaminergic Amacrine Cells In Retinal Maturation Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

Setting the Pace for Retinal Development: Environmental Enrichment Acts Through Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 and Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor

Landi

Ciucci²,

Maffei³

et al. 2009

J. Neurosci.

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Environmental enrichment strongly affects visual system maturation both at retinal and cortical levels. Which molecular pathways are activated by an enriched environment (EE) to regulate visual system development has not been clarified. Here, we show that early [postnatal day 1 (P1) to P7] insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) injections in the eyes of non-EE rat pups mimic EE effects both in increasing BDNF levels in the retinal ganglion cell layer at P10 and in determining a more adult-like retinal acuity, assessed with pattern electroretinogram at P25. Blocking IGF-1 action in EE animals during the same early postnatal time window by injecting the IGF-1 receptor antagonist JB1 prevents EE effects both on BDNF expression and on retinal acuity maturation. Reducing BDNF expression in the retina of IGF-1-treated rats prevents IGF-1 effects on retinal acuity development. Finally, we show that tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) expression is increased in the retina of P10 EE and IGF-1-treated rats and that blocking TH expression in EE animals prevents EE from affecting retinal acuity development. Thus, early levels of IGF-1 play a key role in mediating EE effects on retinal development through an action that requires BDNF and involves dopaminergic amacrine cell network.

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Section: Role Of Dopaminergic Amacrine Cells In Retinal Maturation Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

Setting the Pace for Retinal Development: Environmental Enrichment Acts Through Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 and Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor

Landi

Ciucci²,

Maffei³

et al. 2009

J. Neurosci.

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“…Younger learners usually have more difficulty with cognitive tasks than older children and adults. Young children have characteristic deficits in executive function, working memory, attentional focus, and control (12,13). These are precisely the same abilities required for performing complex skilled actions swiftly and effectively in adulthood.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in cognitive flexibility and hypothesis search across human life history from childhood to adolescence to adulthood

Gopnik

O’Grady

Lucas

et al. 2017

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

256

216

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How was the evolution of our unique biological life history related to distinctive human developments in cognition and culture? We suggest that the extended human childhood and adolescence allows a balance between exploration and exploitation, between wider and narrower hypothesis search, and between innovation and imitation in cultural learning. In particular, different developmental periods may be associated with different learning strategies. This relation between biology and culture was probably coevolutionary and bidirectional: life-history changes allowed changes in learning, which in turn both allowed and rewarded extended life histories. In two studies, we test how easily people learn an unusual physical or social causal relation from a pattern of evidence. We track the development of this ability from early childhood through adolescence and adulthood. In the physical domain, preschoolers, counterintuitively, perform better than school-aged children, who in turn perform better than adolescents and adults. As they grow older learners are less flexible: they are less likely to adopt an initially unfamiliar hypothesis that is consistent with new evidence. Instead, learners prefer a familiar hypothesis that is less consistent with the evidence. In the social domain, both preschoolers and adolescents are actually the most flexible learners, adopting an unusual hypothesis more easily than either 6-y-olds or adults. There may be important developmental transitions in flexibility at the entry into middle childhood and in adolescence, which differ across domains.causal reasoning | social cognition | cognitive development | adolescence | life history O ne of the most distinctive biological features of human beings is our unusual life history. Compared with our closest primate relatives, we have a dramatically extended childhood, including an exceptionally long middle childhood and adolescence. Moreover, humans have shorter interbirth intervals than our closest primate relatives, producing an even greater number of less-capable children (1). There is evidence for other human adaptations that helped cope with this flood of needy young. In contrast to our closest primate relatives, human children enjoy the benefits of care from three sources in addition to biological mothers: pair-bonded fathers (2), alloparents (3), and postmenopausal women, in particular, grandmothers (4).It may seem evolutionarily paradoxical that humans would have developed a life history that includes such expensive and vulnerable young for such a long period. However, across many different species, including birds and both placental and marsupial mammals, there is a very general (although not perfect) correlation between relative brain size, intelligence and a reliance on learning, and an extended period of immaturity (5-7). This correlation suggests a relation between our distinctive human life history and our equally distinctive large brains and reliance on learning, particularly cultural learning. Such a relation between biology and culture ...

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“…As quickly as advances in this field are released, there are proposals and advocates of how to interpret and use the results to improve education and training [12]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many years of effort in understanding the basic biochemical mechanisms of brain function, in combination with powerful new tools for imaging the brain, have come to fruition with direct consequences for medical practice [8] - [12]. The brain imaging tools, positron emission tomography (PET) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), in combination with electroencephalograms (EEGs) provide powerful combinations of both spatially and temporally resolved information on brain function.…”

Section: New Potential Due To Advances In Neurosciencementioning

confidence: 99%

Brain-computer interfaces: military, neurosurgical, and ethical perspective

Kotchetkov¹,

Hwang²,

Appelboom³

et al. 2010

FOC

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Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) are devices that acquire and transform neural signals into actions intended by the user. These devices have been a rapidly developing area of research over the past 2 decades, and the military has made significant contributions to these efforts. Presently, BCIs can provide humans with rudimentary control over computer systems and robotic devices. Continued advances in BCI technology are especially pertinent in the military setting, given the potential for therapeutic applications to restore function after combat injury, and for the evolving use of BCI devices in military operations and performance enhancement. Neurosurgeons will play a central role in the further development and implementation of BCIs, but they will also have to navigate important ethical questions in the translation of this highly promising technology. In the following commentary the authors discuss realistic expectations for BCI use in the military and underscore the intersection of the neurosurgeon's civic and clinical duty to care for those who serve their country.

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Developmental cognitive neuroscience: progress and potential

Cited by 111 publications

References 77 publications

Setting the Pace for Retinal Development: Environmental Enrichment Acts Through Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 and Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor

Setting the Pace for Retinal Development: Environmental Enrichment Acts Through Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 and Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor

Changes in cognitive flexibility and hypothesis search across human life history from childhood to adolescence to adulthood

Brain-computer interfaces: military, neurosurgical, and ethical perspective

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