Developmental Changes in Brain-Specific Enolase Isoenzymes

Fletcher, Lynne; Rider, Christopher C.; Taylor, C. B.

doi:10.1042/bst0041135

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…In an additional study we were able to establish NSE-LI in Leydig cells of rat and hamster testes that was more intense in isolated Leydig cells as well as in younger animals than in adult ones (Angelova et al, sub- mitted). It is possible that the existence of the aaform in addition to the 77-isomer may explain the stronger NSE-staining intensity of Leydig cells at the early postnatal stages of development (Fletcher et al, 1976). These results are in good agreement with the degree of expression of the NSE during early developmental stages in different APUD-cells of the rat (Pearse, 1983(Pearse, , 1986.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

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Neuron-specific enolase-like immunoreactivity in human Leydig cells

Schulze¹,

Davidoff

Ivell³

et al. 2009

Andrologia

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Using the peroxidase anti-peroxidase immunocytochemical technique, neuron-specific enolase (NSE)-like immunoreactivity (NSE-LI) was revealed in Leydig cells of adult human testes at the light microscopic level. Differences in the NSE staining intensity were observed between the individual Leydig cells, separate cell groups within a testis and between the testes of individual patients. Together with the already established substance P-like immunoreactivity (SP-LI) , the results obtained provided further evidence for the possible neuroectodermal origin of human Leydig cells and their presumable relation to the APUD-or the Diffuse Neuroendocrine System (DNES).

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

“…APUD cells, in contrast to neurons, appear to express not only the m-isomer, but also the aa-isomer (Pearse, 1 986). The aa-form predominates in all developing nerve and neuroendocrine cells (Fletcher et al, 1976).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuron-specific enolase-like immunoreactivity in human Leydig cells

Schulze¹,

Davidoff

Ivell³

et al. 2009

Andrologia

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“…This indicates the oligomer states of Mb Eno and Mp Eno may be stable. Three genes encode mammalian enolase: α-, β- and ϒ-enolase ( Rider and Taylor, 1974 ; Rider and Taylor, 1975 ; Fletcher et al, 1976 ). However, Eubacteria and Archaebacteria have only a single enolase gene ( Macías-Sánchez et al, 2015 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for the Rapid and Divergent Evolution of Mycoplasmas: Structural and Phylogenetic Analysis of Enolases

Chen

Zhao

Gan

et al. 2022

Front. Mol. Biosci.

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Mycoplasmas are a group of prokaryotes without cell walls that have evolved through several rounds of degenerative evolution. With a low cell DNA G + C content and definitively long genetic lineages, mycoplasmas are thought to be in a state of rapid evolution. However, little associated evidence has been provided. Enolase is a key enzyme in glycolysis that is widely found in all species from the three domains, and it is evolutionarily conserved. In our previous studies, enolase acted as a virulence factor and participated in cell-surface adhesion in Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. Furthermore, unique loop regions were first found in the crystal structure of Mhp Eno. Here, enolase structures from Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Mycoplasma bovis were determined. An extra helix 7 is specific and conservatively found in almost all mycoplasma enolases, as confirmed by crystal structures and sequence alignment. Particular motifs for helix 7, which is composed of F-K/G-K-L/F-K-X-A-I, have been proposed and could be regarded as molecular markers. To our surprise, the genetic distances between any two mycoplasma enolases were obviously longer than those between the two corresponding species themselves, indicating divergent evolution of mycoplasma enolases, whereas no horizontal gene transfer was detected in mycoplasma enolase genens. Furthermore, different evolutionary patterns were adopted by different loop regions of mycoplasma enolase. Enolases from different Mycoplasma species also showed different affinities for PLG and fibronectin. Our results indicate the rapid and divergent evolution of mycoplasma enolase and mycoplasmas. This study will also aid understanding the independent evolution of Mycoplasma species after separation from their common ancestor.

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“…Fletcher suggests that ISDA could set up a separate adjudicatory panel and entrust it with the task. 69 Conceivably, the Panel of Recognised International Market Experts in Finance could play that role as well. While technically equipped for the task, each of those bodies would inevitably face the political economy challenge that is the running theme of this article-who should regulate what and how?…”

Section: Market Integrity Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contracts as Regulation: The ISDA Master Agreement

Borowicz

2020

SSRN Journal

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Developmental Changes in Brain-Specific Enolase Isoenzymes

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Neuron-specific enolase-like immunoreactivity in human Leydig cells

Neuron-specific enolase-like immunoreactivity in human Leydig cells

Evidence for the Rapid and Divergent Evolution of Mycoplasmas: Structural and Phylogenetic Analysis of Enolases

Contracts as Regulation: The ISDA Master Agreement

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