Developmental anomaly of the inferior vena cava

Sandercoe, Gavin D.; Brooke‐Cowden, Geoff L.

doi:10.1046/j.1445-2197.2003.02502.x

Cited by 26 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…More complex cases where these anomalies are combined with caval interruption and azygos or hemiazygos continuation were excluded because they involve multiple embryologic segments of the IVC. These interruptions are most common above the level of the renal veins (Lin et al, ; Pucelikova et al, ) but occasionally affect the infrarenal IVC (Schneider et al, ; Sandercoe and Brooke‐Cowden, ). Retrocaval and circumcaval ureter are distinct IVC anomalies arising from persistence of a posterior cardinal vein with or without regression of the ipsilateral supracardinal vein (Bass et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Left‐sided and duplicate inferior vena cava: A case series and review

2012

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Left-sided and duplicate inferior vena cava (IVC) are two major anatomical variants within the spectrum of IVC malformations, both of which are developmental abnormalities of the supracardinal veins. Four clinical cases are described to highlight the computed tomographic appearances of these vascular malformations and provide novel data on venous dimensions. A systematic review of the recent literature (2000-2011) was conducted focusing on the anatomy, demographics, and associated pathology (congenital and acquired) of isolated left-sided and duplicate IVC. A total of 73 relevant articles were retrieved, consisting of case reports and small case series. The prevalence of left-sided IVC is about 0.1-0.4% and that for duplicate IVC about 0.3-0.4%; both anomalies show a slight male preponderance. In each condition, there are documented variations in the course and tributaries of the IVC. The clinical importance of these anomalies lies in three principal areas: the potential for misdiagnosis on imaging; technical difficulties during retroperitoneal surgery (particularly abdominal aortic aneurysm repair and live donor nephrectomy); and their significance in relation to the etiology and management of venous thromboembolism.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The origins of the gonadal, suprarenal, azygos, and hemiazygos veins are also shown. and Brooke-Cowden, 2003). Retrocaval and circumcaval ureter are distinct IVC anomalies arising from persistence of a posterior cardinal vein with or without regression of the ipsilateral supracardinal vein (Bass et al, 2000).…”

Section: Number Of Cases and Referencementioning

confidence: 99%

Left‐sided and duplicate inferior vena cava: A case series and review

2012

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“…Meanwhile, subsupracardinal anastomosis forms and persists as the renal veins. 2 The absence of infrarenal IVC and iliac veins implies failure in the development of the postcardinal and supracardinal veins. However, a single embryologic event is unlikely to cause developmental abnormalities in both systems.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Successful Surgical Management of Pelvic Congestion and Lower Extremity Swelling Owing to Absence of Infrarenal Inferior Vena Cava

et al. 2005

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Absence of isolated infrarenal inferior vena cava (IVC) is a rare condition documented in only a few published cases and typically treated with anticoagulation. We herein describe successful surgical management of the isolated infrarenal IVC absence in a healthy 35-year-old woman who presented with disabling pelvic congestion. An ascending venogram showed the absence of infrarenal IVC with a large left ovarian vein draining pelvic collateral vessels to the normal left renal vein and suprarenal IVC. The patient was successfully treated with a common femoral vein to the suprarenal IVC bypass using a bifurcated polytetrafluoroethylene graft, with rapid symptom resolution, and remained symptom free 6 months later. This is the first reported case describing a surgical strategy for isolated infrarenal IVC absence in a symptomatic patient.

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“…An arteriovenous fistula is not required in cases of suprarenal IVC resection due to high‐velocity blood flow 8,9 , but its place during reconstruction of the infrarenal IVC is unclear 9,11 . Collateral routes include ascending lumbar veins 12 , a vertebrolumbar route 13 , and even the portal system 12 via peri‐umbilical connections. The role of recruited minor unnamed veins and the hypogastric veins is thought to be minor (due to the presence of valves and higher pressures) 12 unless the common iliac veins are thrombosed 13 , as was seen in the present patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Collateral routes include ascending lumbar veins 12 , a vertebrolumbar route 13 , and even the portal system 12 via peri‐umbilical connections. The role of recruited minor unnamed veins and the hypogastric veins is thought to be minor (due to the presence of valves and higher pressures) 12 unless the common iliac veins are thrombosed 13 , as was seen in the present patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%