Developmental Anomalies and Disabilities Associated With Hypospadias

Abstract

Posterior hypospadias was the most common anomaly in this study. It was associated with a high rate of extra urogenital anomalies, and physical and psychosocial disabilities. The significance of the latter findings with respect to the development of affected patients needs further clarification.

Hypospadias Repair: A Single Centre Experience

“…In contrast to our observations Wu WH et al [22] observed inguinal hernia in 12.4% of hypospadias patients.…”

“…Abdelrahman et al [20] observed this positive relationship between hypospadias and cryptorchidism in 20%. Wu et al [22] also observed the same association in 7.3% cases.…”

“…Abdelrahman et al [20] and Prat et al [21] reported anterior hypospadias to be the most common type in their studies. In contrary to this Wu et al [22] observed proximal hypospadias in 65.7% of their study population in China.…”

In Utero Prednisone Exposure Affects Genital Development

“…In a recent report cleft palate was found to be associated with hypospadias in 0.8% of cases. 12 Although a relatively low percentage, this ratio is 10 times higher than the normal incidence in the population, which is 1 in 1,000. Interestingly, prenatal steroid exposure is known to increase the incidence of cleft palate approximately 30 times (although an increase in hypospadias was not reported).…”

Anomalies of the penis

“…There is a familial pattern in that 6% to 8% of fathers of affected boys and 14% of male siblings demonstrate hypospadias [21]. It is usually an isolated phenomenon, but is frequently seen with cryptorchidism in 9% of patients and this rate increases with the severity of hypospadias [22,23]. Those children with hypospadias and a non-palpable testicle warrant genetic evaluation for they may genotypically be female.…”