Developmental and Environmental Effects on Assimilate Partitioning in Canada Thistle (<i>Cirsium arvense</i>)

Tworkoski, Thomas

doi:10.1017/s004317450005699x

Cited by 36 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…While C. arvense is a circumpolar‐distributed weed of importance in virtually all agricultural systems, T. farfara has gained only a foothold in organic crops in Northern Europe. Resource allocation in the roots of C. arvense has been studied previously (Lund & Rostrup, 1901; Mcallister & Haderlie, 1985; Tworkoski, 1992; Brandsæter et al. , 2010; Tørresen et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbohydrate dynamics in roots and rhizomes of Cirsium arvense and Tussilago farfara

Nkurunziza

Streibig

2011

Weed Research

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Nkurunziza L & Streibig JC (2011). Carbohydrate dynamics in roots and rhizomes of Cirsium arvense and Tussilago farfara. Weed Research51, 461–468. Summary Information on the source–sink dynamics of carbohydrates during early plant growth can indicate when perennial weeds are most vulnerable to mechanical control. In this study, carbohydrate contents in the roots or rhizomes of two noxious perennial weeds, Cirsium arvense and Tussilago farfara, and basipetal translocation of photo‐assimilates were measured. We used HPLC for carbohydrate measurements and 14C labelling to follow the translocation of photo‐assimilates during early growth. These measurements were related to leaf number and leaf area. Fructan and fructose changed significantly over the experimental periods. Fructan for both species was greatest within 2 weeks after planting 5‐cm‐long root/rhizome fragments and declined thereafter. After 2 weeks, fructose concentrations, which were at their minimum level at planting time, rose sharply because of fructan depolymerisation. The radioactive carbon applied to the aerial parts translocated rapidly to root or rhizome systems around 500–600 d °C after emergence. We concluded that while the fructan was continuously depleted in the roots or rhizomes and reached their minimum levels 33 days after emergence (DAE), the basipetal translocation of photo‐assimilates started earlier (21–23 DAE). The carbon compensation point occurred at eight or six leaves for C. arvense and T. farfara, with a total leaf area of 200 cm2 for both species.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbohydrate dynamics in roots and rhizomes of Cirsium arvense and Tussilago farfara

Nkurunziza

Streibig

2011

Weed Research

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“…Seasonal changes in the levels of carbohydrates in roots of perennial weeds have been reported for such species as leafy spurge (Arny 1932;LeTourneau 1957;Lym & Messersmith 1987;Harvey & Nowierski 1988;Cyr & Bewley 1989), dandelion (Wilson, Kachman & Martin 2001), and Canada thistle (Tworkoski 1992). However, little information exists on seasonal shifts in total non-structural carbohydrates, or carbohydrate metabolism in crown or root buds of leafy spurge in relation to dormancy status.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal shifts in dormancy status, carbohydrate metabolism, and related gene expression in crown buds of leafy spurge

Anderson

Gesch

Jia

et al. 2005

Plant Cell & Environment

121

138

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Crown buds of field-grown leafy spurge ( Euphorbia esula L.) were examined to determine relationships between carbohydrate metabolism and gene expression throughout para-, endo-, and eco-dormancy during the transition from summer, autumn, and winter, respectively. The data indicates that endo-dormancy plays a role in preventing new shoot growth during the transition from autumn to winter. Cold temperature was involved in breaking endodormancy, inducing flowering competence, and inhibiting shoot growth. An inverse relationship developed between starch and soluble sugar (mainly sucrose) content in buds during the shift from para-to endo-dormancy, which continued through eco-dormancy. Unlike starch content, soluble sugars were lowest in crown buds during para-dormancy but increased over two-to three-fold during the transition to endo-dormancy. Several genes ( AGPase , HK , SPS , SuSy , and UGPase ) coding for proteins involved in sugar metabolism were differentially regulated in conjunction with welldefined phases of dormancy in crown buds. Marker genes for S-phase progression, cell wall biochemistry, or responsive to auxin were also differentially regulated during transition from para-, endo-, and eco-dormancy. The results were used to develop a model showing potential signalling pathways involved in regulating seasonal dormancy status in leafy spurge crown buds.

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“…Broadleaf herbicide applications in turfgrass are commonly recommended in the fall for most effective control. Fall applications coincide with increased basipetal transport of photosynthate and thus improved translocation of herbicide (13). Most weed research is with spring‐applications for agricultural weeds, and few published reports are available on timing of fall application of broadleaf herbicides.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Herbicide Selection and Application Timing in the Fall Affects Control of Ground Ivy

Reicher

Weisenberger

2007

Applied Turfgrass Science

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Specific timing of fall applications of broadleaf weed herbicides is not refined to maximize control of ground ivy. The objective of our three‐year study was to determine how application timing in fall affects control of ground ivy with five different herbicide treatments. Herbicides were applied on 1 and 15 September, 1 and 15 October, and 1 and 15 November of 2003, 2004, and 2005. When rated in December following application, applications of all herbicides were most effective if applied prior to 1 November. However, November applications of all herbicides resulted in control similar to earlier applications when rated the following June. Triclopyr was the most effective and consistent in controlling ground ivy, with 27 of 36 applications reducing cover to ≤ 1% compared to > 50% in untreated plots. Long‐term control from triclopyr was not affected significantly by application date. Adding isoxaben to triclopyr improved long‐term control over triclopyr alone in five of six November applications. Fluroxypyr provided ≤ 10% cover by June in 15 of the 18 applications and applications on 1 September through 1 November were most effective. Poorest control resulted from 2,4‐D+MCPP+dicamba. Adding carfentrazone to 2,4‐D+MCPP+dicamba dramatically improved short‐term control of ground ivy from November applications, but had little long‐term benefit on any application date.

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Developmental and Environmental Effects on Assimilate Partitioning in Canada Thistle (Cirsium arvense)

Cited by 36 publications

References 18 publications

Carbohydrate dynamics in roots and rhizomes of Cirsium arvense and Tussilago farfara

Carbohydrate dynamics in roots and rhizomes of Cirsium arvense and Tussilago farfara

Seasonal shifts in dormancy status, carbohydrate metabolism, and related gene expression in crown buds of leafy spurge

Herbicide Selection and Application Timing in the Fall Affects Control of Ground Ivy

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