Developmental and age-related processes that influence the longevity and senescence of photosynthetic tissues in arabidopsis.

Hensel, Linda L.; Grbić, Vojislava; Baumgarten, David A.; Bleecker, Anthony B.

doi:10.1105/tpc.5.5.553

Cited by 453 publications

(358 citation statements)

References 51 publications

(56 reference statements)

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“…Hensel et al (1993) and Noodé n et al (1996) have shown that senescence of photosynthetic tissues in Arabidopsis is not controlled by the onset of the reproductive phase as it is in many other monocarpic plants. Yet, life-span in Arabidopsis depends on the time of transition from the vegetative to the reproductive phase.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative stress tolerance and longevity in Arabidopsis: the late‐flowering mutant gigantea is tolerant to paraquat

et al. 1998

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SummaryRecent genetic analyses of longevity in animals have revealed that long-lived strains are more tolerant to environmental stresses. To investigate whether extended longevity in Arabidopsis also correlates with an increase in stress tolerance, the response was tested of 11 lateflowering mutants to the superoxide radical-generating herbicide paraquat. A tight correlation between flowering time and paraquat tolerance was found when plants were exposed to low doses of herbicide. Furthermore, the mutant gigantea (gi-3) with the longest delay in flowering time had a high tolerance level to paraquat-induced oxidative stress. All the tested gi alleles had an increased tolerance to paraquat toxicity compared to wild-type, although the actual levels of tolerance differed. In addition, the gi-3 mutant was more tolerant to hydrogen peroxide. These results suggest that the link between longevity and oxidative stress resistance in plants is similar to that found in animals, implying that this phenomenon may be general for all aerobic organisms.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative stress tolerance and longevity in Arabidopsis: the late‐flowering mutant gigantea is tolerant to paraquat

et al. 1998

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“…Fotosentetik aktivite, yaprak senesensi sırasında keskin bir düşüş gösterir, bu aktivite gölge ya da tamamen karanlıkta yaşayan (etiyole) yapraklarda da düşüktür ve bu durumların ikisi de yaprak senesensini teşvik etmektedir. Bu bulgular, "şekerlerin düşük konsantrasyonu yaprak senesensini teşvik eder" önermesine neden olmaktadır [30,25].…”

Section: şEkerlerunclassified

“…Arabidopsis ve bazı diğer bitkilerde senesens başlangıcının en erken işareti karbon fiksasyon oranının azalmasıdır ve yaprak maksimum genişlemesine ulaşır ulaşmaz başlar [30]. Sabit karbon kullanımının indirgenmesi ile sonuçlanan fotosentez azalması senesens ile ilişkili genlerin teşvikine neden olan bir sinyal olabilir.…”

Section: Fotosentez üRünleri Ve Diğer Metabolitlerin Seviyesiunclassified

Yaprak Senesensi: Fizyolojik ve Moleküler Düzenlenmesine Bakış

Sağlam

2015

Mar. J. Pure Appl. Sci.

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ÖZETBitkilerde görülen, tüm bitki, organ, doku ya da hücre ölümü ile sonuçlanan önemli bir gelişme süreci olan senesens ile ilgili çalışmalar 1800'lü yılların sonlarına dayanmaktadır. İlk yıllarda gözlemlerden oluşan bu çalışmalar, günümüzde teknolojinin ve genetik biliminin gelişmesiyle yerini kapsamlı biyoteknolojik araştırmalara bırakmıştır. Dünyanın çeşitli yerlerindeki araştırma merkezlerinde bilim adamları senesensin genetik mekanizmasının aydınlatılması ile ilgili deneyler yapmaktadırlar. Üzerinde en çok araştırma yapılan senesens çeşidi, yapraklarda görülen ve klorofil kaybı ile karakterize edilen yaprak senesensidir. Senesens mekanizmasının aydınlatılması ekonomik düzeyde ürün kalitesinin artırılmasında, maydanoz, brokoli, ıspanak gibi sebze, domates, elma gibi meyve ve karanfil, Alstroemeria, petunya gibi süs bitkilerinin raf ömrünün uzatılmasında büyük yararlar sağlayacaktır. Bu derlemede yaprak senesensinin fizyolojik ve moleküler düzenlenme mekanizmaları anlatılmıştır.Anahtar kelimeler: Yaprak senesensi, klorofil kaybı, genetik mekanizma, fizyolojik düzenlenme I. GİRİŞSenesens yaşa bağlı olarak hücre, doku, organ ve organizma düzeyinde ölümle ya da yaşam döngüsünün sona ermesiyle sonuçlanan bitki gelişimindeki son evredir [1,2,3,4]. Azot, kükürt, fosfor ve potasyum gibi önemli besinlerin taşınması ve geri dönüşümü açısından bir bitkinin gelişiminde senesens hayati önem taşımaktadır. Bu besinler senesens olan yapraklardan aktif olarak büyüyen dokulara taşınır, böylece bitkinin büyümesi ve çoğalması desteklenmiş olur [3,4]. Bazı araştırıcılar senesensin, elverişsiz çevre koşulları (kuraklık, sıcaklık, azot eksikliği, yetersiz ışık, hastalık ve patojen saldırılar) sonucunda meydana gelmesinin [5] yanında, en uygun büyüme koşullarında yetişen sağlıklı bitkilerde de genetik olarak meydana geldiğini bildirmişlerdir [6,7]. Bir hücrenin yaşamsal geçmişi mitotik ve post-mitotik süreçlerden meydana gelir. Buna bağlı olarak bitkilerin mitotik ve post-mitotik senesens gösterdiği tanımlanmıştır (Şekil 1). Mitotik senesens (proliferatif senesens) olarak da bilinmektedir ve germline benzeri meristem hücrelerinin mitotik hücre bölünmesine maruz kalma yeteneklerini kaybettikleri zaman meydana gelir. Kültürdeki insan hücreleri ve mayada görülen replikatif senesensin aksine bitkilerdeki mitotik senesens telomer kısalması tarafından kontrol edilmemektedir. Post-mitotik senesens aktif bir bozulma sürecidir, yapraklar ve çiçek petalleri gibi organlarda meydana gelmektedir [8]. Leaf Senescence: A View of Its Physiological and Molecular RegulationAbSTRACT Studies related to senescence, which is an important developmental process in plants and leads to death of a cell, tissue or whole plant, is based on the end of the 1800s. The preliminary studies were at observational level but they were replaced by comprehensive biotechnological research in conjunction with the development of technology and genetic science. The scientists in various part of the world have carried out experiments related to elucidation of the genetic mech...

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“…Recently, the possibility has been discussed that vacuolar proteases are involved in the degradation of plastidial proteins during senescence of purple nutsedge (Fischer et al 1998). Beside this, mRNAs encoding for cysteine proteases were increased or were retained during senescence (Hensel et al 1993;Lohmann et al 1994;Smart et al 1995). It has been shown that Rubisco degrading proteases exist in the vacuole (Lin and Wittenbach 1981;Thayer and Huffaker 1984;Bhalla and Dalling 1986).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Senescence in wheat leaves: is a cysteine endopeptidase involved in the degradation of the large subunit of Rubisco?

2007

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In wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), leaf senescence can be initiated by different factors. Depending on the plant system (intact plants or detached leaves) or the environmental conditions (light, nutrient availability), the symptoms of senescence differ. The aim of this work was to elucidate the catabolism of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/ oxygenase (Rubisco, EC. 4.1.1.39) under various senescence-inducing conditions. Leaf senescence was initiated in intact plants by darkness or by N-deprivation and in leaf segments by exposure to light or darkness. Depending on the treatment, a 50 kDa fragment of Rubisco was observed. The formation of this fragment was enhanced by leaf detachment and low light. In segments exposed to high light and in intact plants induced to senesce by N-deprivation, the fragment was essentially absent. Since an antibody against the N-terminus of a large subunit of Rubisco (LSU) did not cross-react with the fragment, it appears likely that a smaller fragment was removed from the Nterminus of LSU. Inhibitor studies suggest that a cysteine endopeptidase was involved in the formation of the 50 kDa fragment. Non-denaturing-PAGE followed by SDS-PAGE revealed that the fragment was produced while LSU was integrated in the holoenzyme complex, and that it remained there after being produced. It remains open how the putative endopeptidase reaches the stromal protein Rubisco. The results indicate that depending on the senescence-inducing conditions, different proteolytic enzymes may be involved. The involvement of vacuolar proteases must be considered as occurring during LSU degradation, which takes place in darkness, low light or under carbon limitation.

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Developmental and age-related processes that influence the longevity and senescence of photosynthetic tissues in arabidopsis.

Cited by 453 publications

References 51 publications

Oxidative stress tolerance and longevity in Arabidopsis: the late‐flowering mutant gigantea is tolerant to paraquat

Oxidative stress tolerance and longevity in Arabidopsis: the late‐flowering mutant gigantea is tolerant to paraquat

Yaprak Senesensi: Fizyolojik ve Moleküler Düzenlenmesine Bakış

Senescence in wheat leaves: is a cysteine endopeptidase involved in the degradation of the large subunit of Rubisco?

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