Developmental abnormalities and growth patterns in juvenile Oreochromis mossambicus chronically exposed to efavirenz

Integrated study of antiretroviral drug adsorption onto calcined layered double hydroxide clay: experimental and computational analysis

“…Studies conducted by Akenga et al ( 2021 ) have revealed that these ARVDs can be absorbed by plants, especially lettuce, suggesting potential unintentional exposure of animals and humans to ARVDs through contaminated crops. Furthermore, studies performed by Fernández et al ( 2022 ) and Kowlaser et al ( 2022 ) have demonstrated the adverse consequences of EFV and NVP on aquatic organisms such as Rhinella arenarum tadpoles and Oreochromis , respectively. The bioactivity of EPs at minimal concentrations, coupled with the risk of unintended exposure to non-target species from inadequate pharmaceutical disposal and prospective contamination of potable water sources, mandates prompt intervention to mitigate these issues.…”

Catalyst-free electrochemical trifluoromethylation of coumarins using CF3SO2NHNHBoc as the CF3 source

“…14 Trifluoromethylated compounds have widespread applications in the pharmaceutical and agrochemical industries, and as functional materials. [15][16][17] Meanwhile, novel trifluoromethylation reagents and creative trifluoromethylation methods 18,19 have also been extensively developed. In this context, the introduction of the trifluoromethyl group into coumarins is of great interest for both organic and medicinal communities.…”

Effects of Two Antiretroviral Drugs on the Crustacean Daphnia magna in River Water

“…Notably, most of these studies were carried out using synthetic media; hence, they are not representative of the actual aquatic environment. To our knowledge, only two studies [13,30] assessed the effects of NVP in fish using borehole water as the exposure medium. This raises an urgent need for more studies in actual environmental matrixes (e.g., river water) to elucidate the mechanisms of ARVs' toxicity.…”