Development, validation, and potential applications of the hepatitis C virus injection-risk knowledge scale (HCV-IRKS) among young opioid users in New York City

Quinn, Kimberly A.; Fong, Chunki; Guarino, Honoria; Mateu‐Gelabert, Pedro

doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2018.11.010

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Young people may not perceive HCV as being severe. Knowledge about HCV and its complications is limited among young PWID 15 . Various studies have described the infection as being normalized among PWID, seen as inevitable, and even as a part of identity for people who inject 16,17 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Knowledge about HCV and its complications is limited among young PWID. 15 Various studies have described the infection as being normalized among PWID, seen as inevitable, and even as a part of identity for people who inject. 16,17 Medical providers, who know that the health effects of HCV are often decades away, may also diminish the urgency of testing or treatment, especially when HCV co-exists with more immediate risks such as HIV or overdose.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hepatitis C testing and treatment uptake among young people who use opioids in New York City: A cross‐sectional study

Kapadia

Katzman

Fong

et al. 2020

Journal of Viral Hepatitis

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Fuelled by the opioid crisis, the incidence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in people who use drugs is rising. 1 In national surveillance data, the highest incidence of acute HCV infection is in individuals aged 20-29. 2 This incidence is driven by initiation of injection drug use in this age group: 20% of individuals become HCV-infected within two years of starting to inject drugs, and half within five years. 3 People who use drugs but do not report a history of injection are also at higher risk for hepatitis C than the general population, possibly due to sexual risk or because of unreported injection drug use. 4,5 Several jurisdictions, including New York City, have seen a new peak of HCV prevalence in this younger age group. 6,7 If HCV elimination efforts are to be effective, engaging and treating

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis C testing and treatment uptake among young people who use opioids in New York City: A cross‐sectional study

Kapadia

Katzman

Fong

et al. 2020

Journal of Viral Hepatitis

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“…The limited knowledge change in these specific areas could be due to deeply ingrained VH myths and skepticism [33,34], as well as the recentness of this topic being broadly discussed in the U.S. mainstream narrative [11,35]. At present there is limited research examining VH knowledge among youth in the U.S. [23] and the broader conversation outside of scholarly research is nascent, which means that the publics' healthbased literacy on this topic is also limited [36]. On-going support and re-education may be necessary to reinforce VH knowledge.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The existing research on VH risk supports that youth from low-income, vulnerable backgrounds are at the greatest risk of infection; yet, prevention research and programming is minimal. Those studies that are available on VH knowledge have focused largely on homeless [21][22] and injecting drug using U.S. youth [23][24][25][26][27]. While these are highly critical populations, there is a need for research examining VH risk and knowledge among low-income ethnic minority youth, in general.…”

Section: Viral Hepatitis and Youthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increasing Viral Hepatitis Knowledge Among Urban Ethnic Minority Youth: Findings from a Community Based Prevention Intervention

et al. 2019

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Viral hepatitis (VH) knowledge among youth is understudied in the United States. There has been a rise in VH cases in the U.S. in the wake of the opioid epidemic. Innovative approaches to preventing the infection are needed especially in urban communities. This study presents preliminary findings from a community-based HIV/AIDS, substance abuse, and VH prevention education intervention for ethnic minority youth in a northeastern urban community. We aimed to evaluate VH knowledge and factors associated with knowledge. Participants in the study completed a baseline survey followed by an exit survey measuring VH knowledge after the intervention. The survey was completed by 691 individuals. Logistic regression analyses were conducted and indicated that there was a significant increase (82.3%) in VH knowledge among youth who participated in the intervention. The development and implementation of VH knowledge interventions can be crucial in alleviating the rise of VH infections in the U.S. Over the last decade, there has been a substantive rise in bloodborne infectious diseases such as viral hepatitis (VH) [1]. This has largely gone unnoticed by the general public due to lack of provider, patient, and community knowledge, as well as conflicting screening guidelines [2]. VH is a group of viruses (e.g.

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“…2). We developed the SD model using the Stella® Architect modeling software during a series of sessions with our co-authors, drawing on previously published ndings from this study (16,(34)(35)(36)(37)(38)(39)(40)(41) and current literature on HCV transmission among young PWID (13)(14)(15). In this stock-and-ow diagram, we de ned different stock (or state) variables as represented by boxes to capture a signi cant dynamic at the individual level, a vulnerability to HCV infection corresponding to years of injection (Fig.…”

Section: System Dynamics (Sd) Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bridging Epidemiology and System Dynamics Modeling to Better Understand HCV Risk Among Young People Who Inject Drugs.

Mateu‐Gelabert

Sabounchi

Guarino

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background Injection drug use is the leading risk factor for hepatitis C virus (HCV) transmission in the US. Despite the knowledge of the risk factors for HCV among people who inject drugs (PWID), there is a need to better understand how these multiple factors interact and impact young PWID.MethodsData originated from a study of 539 New York City (NYC) residents ages 18-29 recruited via Respondent-Driven Sampling, who reported past-month nonmedical use of prescription opioids and/or heroin. Analyses are based on a subsample of 337 (62%) who reported injecting any drug 12 months prior to the interview. All variables were assessed via self-report, except HCV status, which was established via rapid antibody testing. Building on the statistical associations found we developed a qualitative system dynamics (SD) model to integrate into a single framework key risk and preventive factors for HCV.ResultsHCV antibody prevalence is 31% with an overall incidence of 10 per 100 person-years. HCV status was independently correlated with sharing cookers with two or more people (AOR=2.17); injecting drugs 4-6 years (AOR=2.49) and 7 or more (AOR=4.95); lifetime homelessness (AOR=2.52); and being incarcerated two or more times (AOR=1.99). The SD model facilitates identifying non-linearities and feedback loop structures not included in the statistical model and high leverage points such as harm reduction and HCV treatment that could ameliorate the spread of HCV.ConclusionThe results may indicate an overall positive impact of harm reduction efforts in reducing HCV prevalence among young PWID in NYC while injection risks and structural factors remain areas of key concern. An SD approach contributes to a better understanding of how these risk factors interact and what policies could be effective in reducing HCV infections.

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Development, validation, and potential applications of the hepatitis C virus injection-risk knowledge scale (HCV-IRKS) among young opioid users in New York City

Cited by 12 publications

References 38 publications

Hepatitis C testing and treatment uptake among young people who use opioids in New York City: A cross‐sectional study

Hepatitis C testing and treatment uptake among young people who use opioids in New York City: A cross‐sectional study

Increasing Viral Hepatitis Knowledge Among Urban Ethnic Minority Youth: Findings from a Community Based Prevention Intervention

Bridging Epidemiology and System Dynamics Modeling to Better Understand HCV Risk Among Young People Who Inject Drugs.

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