Development, validation and application of stochastically and dynamically coloured Petri net model of ACAS operations for safety assessment purposes

Netjasov, Fedja; Vidosavljević, Andrija; Tosic, Vojin S.; Everdij, M.H.C.; Blom, H.A.P.

doi:10.1016/j.trc.2012.04.018

Cited by 24 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Unlike a conflict that has a fixed separation norm [26]; interaction takes into account the aircraft position uncertainty propagation (deviations from the RBT). When aircraft positions coincide in 4D space it results in maximum interaction that decreases while the distance (in space and time) between them increases.…”

Section: Robustness and Flight Interactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Homotopy Route Generation Model for Robust Trajectory Planning

Vidosavljević

Delahaye

Tosic

2017

Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering

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Although advance future avionics will enable full compliance with the given trajectory; there are many uncertainty sources that can deflect aircraft from their intended positions. In this article we investigate potential of robust trajectory planning, considered as an additional demand management action, as a mean to alleviate the en-route congestion in airspace. Robust trajectory planning (RTP) involves generation of congestion-free trajectories with minimum operating cost taking into account uncertainty of trajectory prediction and unforeseen event. The model decision variables include ground delay, change of horizontal route and vertical profile (flight level) to resolve congestion problem. The article introduces a novel approach for route generation (3D trajectory) based on homotopic feature of continuous functions. It is shown that this approach is capable of generating a large number of route shapes with a reasonable number of decision variables. RTP problem is modeled as a mixed-variable optimization problem and it is solved using stochastic optimization technique. The model is tested on a real-life example from the French airspace. The results indicate that, under certain conditions, with small increase of total planned costs, it is possible to increase robustness of the proposed solution providing a good alternative to the solutions given by existing conflict-free trajectory planning models.

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Section: Robustness and Flight Interactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Homotopy Route Generation Model for Robust Trajectory Planning

Vidosavljević

Delahaye

Tosic

2017

Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering

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“…• Operational: Surveillance technologies (e.g., ADS-B) are fully operative in all aircraft, enabling the Airborne Separation Assurance System (ASAS) (Netjasov et al, 2013) to provide the precise self-separation and synchronisation of aircraft. The pattern (a potential induced collision scenario) that fits the current situation can provide relevant information to the pilots.…”

Section: Motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Espindle et al (2009) constructed the U.S. correlated encounter model utilising importance sampling techniques to increase the precision of the results and to evaluate the safety impact of the latest TCAS (version 7.1). Netjasov et al (2010) proposed an encounter model that contains the technical, human and procedural elements of TCAS operations. The model was demonstrated to work well for a historical en-route mid-air collision event (Department of Trade, 1982), and the model was powerful in determining the most critical elements that contribute to non-zero collision probability in TCAS operations.…”

Section: Encounter Model Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Euclidean spaces make the construction of the basic volume simpler. Thus, a planar projection of the Earth has been considered by using a Cartesian coordinate system (Netjasov et al, 2013) and with a minimum distortion . The region formed by x and y axes indicates the horizontal plane, and z stands for the flight level.…”

Section: Threat Detection Algorithmmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Maintain frequent outside visual scan, "see and avoid" vigilance, and continue to communicate as needed and as appropriate with ATC (DoT, 2011). This system constitutes a last-resort means, which is accepted worldwide, for effective and significant reduction of the collision probability between aircraft (Netjasov et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Coloured Petri net-based traffic collision avoidance system encounter model for the analysis of potential induced collisions

Tang

Piera

Guasch

2016

Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies

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Abstract:The Traffic Alert and Collision Avoidance System (TCAS) is a world-wide accepted lastresort means of reducing the probability and frequency of mid-air collisions between aircraft. Unfortunately, it is widely known that in congested airspace, the use of the TCAS may actually lead to induced collisions. Therefore, further research regarding TCAS logic is required. In this paper, an encounter model is formalised to identify all of the potential collision scenarios that can be induced by a resolution advisory that was generated previously by the TCAS without considering the downstream consequences in the surrounding traffic. The existing encounter models focus on checking and validating the potential collisions between trajectories of a specific scenario. In contrast, the innovative approach described in this paper concentrates on quantitative analysis of the different induced collision scenarios that could be reached for a given initial trajectory and a rough specification of the surrounding traffic. This approach provides valuable information at the operational level. Furthermore, the proposed encounter model can be used as a test-bed to evaluate future TCAS logic changes to mitigate potential induced collisions in hot spot volumes. In addition, the encounter model is described by means of the coloured Petri net (CPN) formalism. The resulting state space provides a deep understanding of the cause-and-effect relationship that each TCAS action proposed to avoid an actual collision with a potential new collision in the surrounding traffic. Quantitative simulation results are conducted to validate the proposed encounter model, and the resulting collision scenarios are summarised as valuable information for future air traffic management (ATM) systems.

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