Development, Regeneration, and Evolution of Feathers

Chen, Chih Feng; Foley, John; Tang, Pin‐Chi; Li, Ang; Jiang, Ting; Wu, Ping; Widelitz, Randal B.; Chuong, Cheng Ming

doi:10.1146/annurev-animal-022513-114127

Cited by 119 publications

(130 citation statements)

References 151 publications

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“…For example, the chicken permits analysis of spatial variance in region-specific feather morphology and temporal variance in age-dependent feather types (Chen et al, 2014a). Here we show some examples related to tumorigenesis, hormone-dependent growth, and keratin biology.…”

Section: Eda Fn and Keloidsmentioning

confidence: 81%

Early Dengue Virus Infection in Human Skin: A Cycle of Inflammation and Infectivity

Ivory

Birchall

Piguet

2015

Journal of Investigative Dermatology

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Early events during dengue virus (DENV) infection remain poorly understood. In this issue, Schaeffer and colleagues employ ex vivo human skin cells to investigate viral infection. They show that skin-resident immune cells are infected by DENV and that their infectability is increased in the inflammatory skin conditions (especially those in which IL-4 is released) that accompany the mosquito bites transmitting the virus.

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Section: Eda Fn and Keloidsmentioning

confidence: 81%

Early Dengue Virus Infection in Human Skin: A Cycle of Inflammation and Infectivity

Ivory

Birchall

Piguet

2015

Journal of Investigative Dermatology

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“…7A). Hairs and feathers are other skinderived appendages whose early development shares similarities with MP induction and invagination (58)(59)(60)(61). Of note, they also express different Hox gene combinations (32)(33)(34)62).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of Hoxd gene transcription in the mammary bud by hijacking a preexisting regulatory landscape

Schep

Necşulea

Rodríguez-Carballo

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Vertebrate Hox genes encode transcription factors operating during the development of multiple organs and structures. However, the evolutionary mechanism underlying this remarkable pleiotropy remains to be fully understood. Here, we show that Hoxd8 and Hoxd9, two genes of the HoxD complex, are transcribed during mammary bud (MB) development. However, unlike in other developmental contexts, their coexpression does not rely on the same regulatory mechanism. Hoxd8 is regulated by the combined activity of closely located sequences and the most distant telomeric gene desert. On the other hand, Hoxd9 is controlled by an enhancer-rich region that is also located within the telomeric gene desert but has no impact on Hoxd8 transcription, thus constituting an exception to the global regulatory logic systematically observed at this locus. The latter DNA region is also involved in Hoxd gene regulation in other contexts and strongly interacts with Hoxd9 in all tissues analyzed thus far, indicating that its regulatory activity was already operational before the appearance of mammary glands. Within this DNA region and neighboring a strong limb enhancer, we identified a short sequence conserved in therian mammals and capable of enhancer activity in the MBs. We propose that Hoxd gene regulation in embryonic MBs evolved by hijacking a preexisting regulatory landscape that was already at work before the emergence of mammals in structures such as the limbs or the intestinal tract.enhancers | TAD | mammalian development | mammary gland

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“…The expansion of β-keratin genes during bird evolution might have greatly increased skin appendage diversity because it increased the possible interactions between α-and β-keratins. molecules (7,8,20) for feather morphogenesis. Feather forming steps include the formation of follicle structure (21), cyclic regeneration of feather stem cells (22), and branching morphogenesis (23).…”

Section: Significancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The avian feather provides an excellent model for studying how the evolution of gene families can contribute to the emergence and diversification of novel structures in animals (4,7,8). Feathers are mainly composed of α-and β-keratins.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Topographical mapping of α- and β-keratins on developing chicken skin integuments: Functional interaction and evolutionary perspectives

Yan

et al. 2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Avian integumentary organs include feathers, scales, claws, and beaks. They cover the body surface and play various functions to help adapt birds to diverse environments. These keratinized structures are mainly composed of corneous materials made of α-keratins, which exist in all vertebrates, and β-keratins, which only exist in birds and reptiles. Here, members of the keratin gene families were used to study how gene family evolution contributes to novelty and adaptation, focusing on tissue morphogenesis. Using chicken as a model, we applied RNA-seq and in situ hybridization to map α-and β-keratin genes in various skin appendages at embryonic developmental stages. The data demonstrate that temporal and spatial α-and β-keratin expression is involved in establishing the diversity of skin appendage phenotypes. Embryonic feathers express a higher proportion of β-keratin genes than other skin regions. In feather filament morphogenesis, β-keratins show intricate complexity in diverse substructures of feather branches. To explore functional interactions, we used a retrovirus transgenic system to ectopically express mutant α-or antisense β-keratin forms. α-and β-keratins show mutual dependence and mutations in either keratin type results in disrupted keratin networks and failure to form proper feather branches. Our data suggest that combinations of α-and β-keratin genes contribute to the morphological and structural diversity of different avian skin appendages, with feather-β-keratins conferring more possible composites in building intrafeather architecture complexity, setting up a platform of morphological evolution of functional forms in feathers.skin appendage | feather | scale | claw | beak | Evo-Devo

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Development, Regeneration, and Evolution of Feathers

Cited by 119 publications

References 151 publications

Early Dengue Virus Infection in Human Skin: A Cycle of Inflammation and Infectivity

Early Dengue Virus Infection in Human Skin: A Cycle of Inflammation and Infectivity

Control of Hoxd gene transcription in the mammary bud by hijacking a preexisting regulatory landscape

Topographical mapping of α- and β-keratins on developing chicken skin integuments: Functional interaction and evolutionary perspectives

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