Development of woven textile electrodes with enhanced moisture-wicking properties

Zhang, Xi; Zhong, Yueqi

doi:10.1080/00405000.2020.1794665

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Woven electrodes are more comfortable than wet electrodes. 36 Here, we explored the long-term monitoring property of woven electrodes and wet electrodes. The relationship between bioimpedance and time is presented in Figure 8(a).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A woven electrode with convex structure for electrical impedance tomography

Zhang

Zhong

Wang

et al. 2021

Textile Research Journal

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We developed a silver/silver chloride (Ag/AgCl) woven electrode, which was woven in a convex high-density structure. The convex structure can decrease the motion artifacts caused by the slippage between human skin and the electrode. The high density can reduce the noise caused by the change of contact resistance. The model of the electrode–skin interface was proposed, and its equivalent circuit model was built, which can present an intuitive understanding of electrode design principles. Furthermore, AgCl particles were electrochemically deposited on the Ag electrode in terms of 23 schemes to optimize the deposition uniformity. The effects of deposition time, electrolyte concentration, and current/voltage magnitude were investigated. According to the result, the best combination is a constant current method, with the current at 0.01 A, the deposition time set to 300 s, and the electrolyte concentration as 0.05 M. The resistances of the deposited electrodes are qualified for impedance monitoring due to their small resistance. A bioimpedance system was assembled followed by the electrical impedance tomography mechanism. The frequency response and bioimpedance–time relationship were measured and analyzed in our bioimpedance system. The result reveals that the frequency response from [Formula: see text] to[Formula: see text] Hz presents a stable state for the convex woven electrode. The woven electrode system has a wider stable frequency band than the wet electrode. The bioimpedance of wet electrodes is stable in the initial time, whereas that of woven electrodes decreases with time. However, the wet electrode bioimpedance increases with time after 3 h, and the woven electrode bioimpedance is stable after 3 h. Both the interface capacitance and resistance have very important roles in the bioimpedance system. The woven electrode is better in long-term monitoring than the wet electrode. In addition, convex electrode bioimpedance presents less noise than the plain electrode. Therefore, the convex electrode is the best choice for the bioimpedance monitoring system.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A woven electrode with convex structure for electrical impedance tomography

Zhang

Zhong

Wang

et al. 2021

Textile Research Journal

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“…Three works focus on both inputs and outputs [20,42,108]. We found 13 sources describing other woven components (electrodes or other discrete components) and antennas and coils [2,11,27,33,39,43,62,66,68,103,128,130,131]. In addition, six sources address woven components in combination with woven-in ones [5,16,19,28,89,96], and fve discuss the former in conjunction with electrical signalling [37,82,95,97,105].…”

Section: Electrically Functional Weavesmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Seven of them involve on-skin electrodes for measuring biosignals. The researchers reported on silver-coated yarns [2,19], silver-silver-chloride yarns [130,131], stainless-steel yarns [2], a combination of stainless-steel and Litz-type wires [43], and silver-polymer twisted yarns [103]. Electrode-like structures featured in the 'Involving the Machines' work too, with the team testing various types of conductive yarns [89].…”

Section: Electrically Functional Weavesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The literature presents 10 examples of employing double cloth (see Figure 3, pane D) to construct woven eTextiles [3,41,72,83,99,103,108,109,129,130]. Relative to double weave, double cloth acts as a frmer base for integrating functional elements, thanks to its interconnected layer structure.…”

Section: Double Clothmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Comparing plain weave to double cloth, they found that, since a double-cloth structure increases the volume of the textile and subsequently increases capacitance, double cloth is more appropriate for detecting external pressure on fabric. Double cloth can be applied also for fabricating electrodes for biosignal measurement [103,130]. It enables positioning the electrodes in the top layer, which is worn against the skin, and the cotton warp yarns' density can be reduced in the electrode areas, for better skin contact [103].…”

Section: Double Clothmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Woven eTextiles in HCI — a Literature Review

Pouta

Mikkonen

2022

Designing Interactive Systems Conference

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Advances to functional materials and fexible electronics have yielded new means of integrating electrical properties into textile materials, which invite researchers in various felds to apply woven-textile construction methods in eTextile development. However, common ground for woven eTextiles' prototyping is still taking shape. This calls for greater understanding of how the knowledge now scattered across diverse research felds can beneft the textiles' development for HCI. To investigate how eTextile research has employed weaving and extract insight for HCI purposes, the authors reviewed and categorised applications of woven structures and electrical functions, then identifed specifcally HCI-relevant qualities and means of creating them via weaving. The paper outlines those woven structures useful for HCI and advocates consistent weaving-related terminology, to improve knowledge transfer across disciplines. In addition, the results point to research opportunities involving haptic qualities, the ability to weave multiple layers, functionality integration, and tools and methods. CCS CONCEPTS• General and reference → Surveys and overviews; • Hardware → Flexible and printable circuits.

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